就业培训     下载中心     Wiki     联络 登录   注册
  1. 首页
  2. Qt 6.5.1
  3. Qt Quick Controls
  4. QML 类型
  5. Control

Control QML Type

Abstract base type providing functionality common to all controls. 更多...

import 语句： import QtQuick.Controls
继承： Item
继承者： AbstractButton , BusyIndicator , ComboBox , 容器 , DayOfWeekRow , Dial , MenuSeparator , MonthGrid , PageIndicator , Pane , ProgressBar , RangeSlider , ScrollBar , ScrollIndicator , SelectionRectangle , Slider , SpinBox , StackView , ToolSeparator , Tumbler ，和 WeekNumberColumn

特性

详细描述

Control is the base type of user interface controls. It receives input events from the window system, and paints a representation of itself on the screen.

Control Layout

The following diagram illustrates the layout of a typical control:

The implicitWidth and implicitHeight of a control are typically based on the implicit sizes of the background and the content item plus any insets and paddings. These properties determine how large the control will be when no explicit width or height 被指定。

The geometry of the contentItem is determined by the padding. The following example reserves 10px padding between the boundaries of the control and its content: 

Control {
    padding: 10
    contentItem: Text {
        text: "Content"
    }
}

The background item fills the entire width and height of the control, unless insets or an explicit size have been given for it. Background insets are useful for extending the touchable/interactive area of a control without affecting its visual size. This is often used on touch devices to ensure that a control is not too small to be interacted with by the user. Insets affect the size of the control, and hence will affect how much space they take up in a layout, for example.

Negative insets can be used to make the background larger than the control. The following example uses negative insets to place a shadow outside the control's boundaries: 

Control {
    topInset: -2
    leftInset: -2
    rightInset: -6
    bottomInset: -6
    background: BorderImage {
        source: ":/images/shadowed-background.png"
    }
}

事件处理

All controls, except non-interactive indicators, do not let clicks and touches through to items below them. For example, the console.log() call in the example below will never be executed when clicking on the Pane, because the MouseArea is below it in the scene: 

MouseArea {
    anchors.fill: parent
    onClicked: console.log("MouseArea was clicked")
    Pane {
        anchors.fill: parent
    }
}

另请参阅 ApplicationWindow , 容器 ，和 Using Qt Quick Controls types in property declarations .

特性文档编制

[read-only] availableHeight : real

This property holds the height available to the contentItem after deducting vertical padding from the height of the control.

另请参阅 Control Layout , padding , topPadding ，和 bottomPadding .


[read-only] availableWidth : real

This property holds the width available to the contentItem after deducting horizontal padding from the width of the control.

另请参阅 Control Layout , padding , leftPadding ，和 rightPadding .


background : Item

此特性保持背景项。 

Button {
    id: control
    text: qsTr("Button")
    background: Rectangle {
        implicitWidth: 100
        implicitHeight: 40
        opacity: enabled ? 1 : 0.3
        color: control.down ? "#d0d0d0" : "#e0e0e0"
    }
}

注意： If the background item has no explicit size specified, it automatically follows the control's size. In most cases, there is no need to specify width or height for a background item.

注意： Most controls use the implicit size of the background item to calculate the implicit size of the control itself. If you replace the background item with a custom one, you should also consider providing a sensible implicit size for it (unless it is an item like Image which has its own implicit size).

另请参阅 Control Layout .


[since QtQuick.Controls 2.5 (Qt 5.12)] bottomInset : real

This property holds the bottom inset for the background.

该特性在 QtQuick.Controls 2.5 (Qt 5.12) 引入。

另请参阅 Control Layout and topInset .


bottomPadding : real

This property holds the bottom padding. Unless explicitly set, the value is equal to verticalPadding .

另请参阅 Control Layout , padding , topPadding , verticalPadding ，和 availableHeight .


contentItem : Item

This property holds the visual content item. 

Button {
    id: control
    text: qsTr("Button")
    contentItem: Label {
        text: control.text
        verticalAlignment: Text.AlignVCenter
    }
}

注意： The content item is automatically positioned and resized to fit within the padding of the control. Bindings to the x , y , width ，和 height properties of the contentItem are not respected.

注意： Most controls use the implicit size of the content item to calculate the implicit size of the control itself. If you replace the content item with a custom one, you should also consider providing a sensible implicit size for it (unless it is an item like Text which has its own implicit size).

另请参阅 Control Layout and padding .


focusPolicy : enumeration

This property determines the way the control accepts focus.

常量 描述
Qt.TabFocus The control accepts focus by tabbing.
Qt.ClickFocus The control accepts focus by clicking.
Qt.StrongFocus The control accepts focus by both tabbing and clicking.
Qt.WheelFocus The control accepts focus by tabbing, clicking, and using the mouse wheel.
Qt.NoFocus The control does not accept focus.

[read-only] focusReason : enumeration

此特性保持最后聚焦更改的原因。

注意： This property does not indicate whether the control has active focus , but the reason why the control either gained or lost focus.

常量 描述
Qt.MouseFocusReason 出现鼠标动作。
Qt.TabFocusReason 按下 Tab 键。
Qt.BacktabFocusReason 发生 Backtab。输入可能包括 Shift 或 Control 键；如 Shift+Tab。
Qt.ActiveWindowFocusReason 窗口系统使此窗口活动或不活动。
Qt.PopupFocusReason 应用程序打开/关闭弹出窗口，抓取/释放键盘焦点。
Qt.ShortcutFocusReason 用户键入标签的好友快捷方式
Qt.MenuBarFocusReason 菜单栏获得聚焦。
Qt.OtherFocusReason 另一原因，通常特定于应用程序。

另请参阅 Item::activeFocus and visualFocus .


font : font

This property holds the font currently set for the control.

This property describes the control's requested font. The font is used by the control's style when rendering standard components, and is available as a means to ensure that custom controls can maintain consistency with the native platform's native look and feel. It's common that different platforms, or different styles, define different fonts for an application.

The default font depends on the system environment. ApplicationWindow maintains a system/theme font which serves as a default for all controls. There may also be special font defaults for certain types of controls. You can also set the default font for controls by either:

Finally, the font is matched against Qt's font database to find the best match.

Control propagates explicit font properties from parent to children. If you change a specific property on a control's font, that property propagates to all of the control's children, overriding any system defaults for that property. 

Page {
    font.family: "Courier"
    Column {
        Label {
            text: qsTr("This will use Courier...")
        }
        Switch {
            text: qsTr("... and so will this")
        }
    }
}

For the full list of available font properties, see the font QML Value Type 文档编制。


[since QtQuick.Controls 2.5 (Qt 5.12)] horizontalPadding : real

This property holds the horizontal padding. Unless explicitly set, the value is equal to padding .

该特性在 QtQuick.Controls 2.5 (Qt 5.12) 引入。

另请参阅 Control Layout , padding , leftPadding , rightPadding ，和 verticalPadding .


hoverEnabled : bool

This property determines whether the control accepts hover events. The default value is Qt.styleHints.useHoverEffects .

Setting this property propagates the value to all child controls that do not have hoverEnabled explicitly set.

You can also enable or disable hover effects for all Qt Quick Controls applications by setting the QT_QUICK_CONTROLS_HOVER_ENABLED 环境变量 .

另请参阅 hovered .


[read-only] hovered : bool

This property holds whether the control is hovered.

另请参阅 hoverEnabled .


[read-only, since QtQuick.Controls 2.5 (Qt 5.12)] implicitBackgroundHeight : real

This property holds the implicit background height.

值等于 background ? background.implicitHeight : 0 .

This is typically used, together with implicitContentHeight , to calculate the implicitHeight : 

Control {
    implicitHeight: Math.max(implicitBackgroundHeight + topInset + bottomInset,
                             implicitContentHeight + topPadding + bottomPadding)
}

该特性在 QtQuick.Controls 2.5 (Qt 5.12) 引入。

另请参阅 implicitBackgroundWidth and implicitContentHeight .


[read-only, since QtQuick.Controls 2.5 (Qt 5.12)] implicitBackgroundWidth : real

This property holds the implicit background width.

值等于 background ? background.implicitWidth : 0 .

This is typically used, together with implicitContentWidth , to calculate the implicitWidth : 

Control {
    implicitWidth: Math.max(implicitBackgroundWidth + leftInset + rightInset,
                            implicitContentWidth + leftPadding + rightPadding)
}

该特性在 QtQuick.Controls 2.5 (Qt 5.12) 引入。

另请参阅 implicitBackgroundHeight and implicitContentWidth .


[read-only, since QtQuick.Controls 2.5 (Qt 5.12)] implicitContentHeight : real

This property holds the implicit content height.

For basic controls, the value is equal to contentItem ? contentItem.implicitHeight : 0 . For types that inherit Container or Pane, the value is calculated based on the content children.

This is typically used, together with implicitBackgroundHeight , to calculate the implicitHeight : 

Control {
    implicitHeight: Math.max(implicitBackgroundHeight + topInset + bottomInset,
                             implicitContentHeight + topPadding + bottomPadding)
}

该特性在 QtQuick.Controls 2.5 (Qt 5.12) 引入。

另请参阅 implicitContentWidth and implicitBackgroundHeight .


[read-only, since QtQuick.Controls 2.5 (Qt 5.12)] implicitContentWidth : real

This property holds the implicit content width.

For basic controls, the value is equal to contentItem ? contentItem.implicitWidth : 0 . For types that inherit Container or Pane, the value is calculated based on the content children.

This is typically used, together with implicitBackgroundWidth , to calculate the implicitWidth : 

Control {
    implicitWidth: Math.max(implicitBackgroundWidth + leftInset + rightInset,
                            implicitContentWidth + leftPadding + rightPadding)
}

该特性在 QtQuick.Controls 2.5 (Qt 5.12) 引入。

另请参阅 implicitContentHeight and implicitBackgroundWidth .


[since QtQuick.Controls 2.5 (Qt 5.12)] leftInset : real

This property holds the left inset for the background.

该特性在 QtQuick.Controls 2.5 (Qt 5.12) 引入。

另请参阅 Control Layout and rightInset .


leftPadding : real

This property holds the left padding. Unless explicitly set, the value is equal to horizontalPadding .

另请参阅 Control Layout , padding , rightPadding , horizontalPadding ，和 availableWidth .


locale : Locale

This property holds the locale of the control.

It contains locale specific properties for formatting data and numbers. Unless a special locale has been set, this is either the parent's locale or the default locale.

Control propagates the locale from parent to children. If you change the control's locale, that locale propagates to all of the control's children, overriding the system default locale.

另请参阅 mirrored .


[read-only] mirrored : bool

This property holds whether the control is mirrored.

This property is provided for convenience. A control is considered mirrored when its visual layout direction is right-to-left; that is, when LayoutMirroring.enabled is true .

As of Qt 6.2, the locale property no longer affects this property.

另请参阅 LayoutMirroring and 从右到左的用户界面 .


padding : real

This property holds the default padding.

Padding adds a space between each edge of the content item and the background item, effectively controlling the size of the content item. To specify a padding value for a specific edge of the control, set its relevant property:

注意： Different styles may specify the default padding for certain controls in different ways, and these ways may change over time as the design guidelines that the style is based on evolve. To ensure that these changes don't affect the padding values you have specified, it is best to use the most specific properties available. For example, rather than setting the padding property: 

padding: 0

set each specific property instead: 

leftPadding: 0
rightPadding: 0
topPadding: 0
bottomPadding: 0

另请参阅 Control Layout , availableWidth , availableHeight , topPadding , leftPadding , rightPadding ，和 bottomPadding .


[since QtQuick.Controls 2.5 (Qt 5.12)] rightInset : real

This property holds the right inset for the background.

该特性在 QtQuick.Controls 2.5 (Qt 5.12) 引入。

另请参阅 Control Layout and leftInset .


rightPadding : real

This property holds the right padding. Unless explicitly set, the value is equal to horizontalPadding .

另请参阅 Control Layout , padding , leftPadding , horizontalPadding ，和 availableWidth .


spacing : real

This property holds the spacing.

Spacing is useful for controls that have multiple or repetitive building blocks. For example, some styles use spacing to determine the distance between the text and indicator of CheckBox . Spacing is not enforced by Control, so each style may interpret it differently, and some may ignore it altogether.


[since QtQuick.Controls 2.5 (Qt 5.12)] topInset : real

This property holds the top inset for the background.

该特性在 QtQuick.Controls 2.5 (Qt 5.12) 引入。

另请参阅 Control Layout and bottomInset .


topPadding : real

This property holds the top padding. Unless explicitly set, the value is equal to verticalPadding .

另请参阅 Control Layout , padding , bottomPadding , verticalPadding ，和 availableHeight .


[since QtQuick.Controls 2.5 (Qt 5.12)] verticalPadding : real

This property holds the vertical padding. Unless explicitly set, the value is equal to padding .

该特性在 QtQuick.Controls 2.5 (Qt 5.12) 引入。

另请参阅 Control Layout , padding , topPadding , bottomPadding ，和 horizontalPadding .


[read-only] visualFocus : bool

This property holds whether the control has visual focus. This property is true when the control has active focus and the focus reason is either Qt.TabFocusReason , Qt.BacktabFocusReason ，或 Qt.ShortcutFocusReason .

In general, for visualizing key focus, this property is preferred over Item::activeFocus . This ensures that key focus is only visualized when interacting with keys - not when interacting via touch or mouse.

另请参阅 focusReason and Item::activeFocus .


wheelEnabled : bool

This property determines whether the control handles wheel events. The default value is false .

注意： Care must be taken when enabling wheel events for controls within scrollable items such as Flickable , as the control will consume the events and hence interrupt scrolling of the Flickable.

内容