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QQuickImageProvider 类

QQuickImageProvider 类提供用于支持 QML 中像素图和线程化图像请求的接口。 更多...

头： #include <QQuickImageProvider>
CMake: find_package(Qt6 COMPONENTS Quick REQUIRED)
target_link_libraries(mytarget PRIVATE Qt6::Quick)
qmake: QT += quick
Since: Qt 5.0
继承： QQmlImageProviderBase
继承者： QQuickAsyncImageProvider

公共函数

  QQuickImageProvider (QQmlImageProviderBase::ImageType type , QQmlImageProviderBase::Flags flags = Flags())
virtual ~QQuickImageProvider () override
virtual QImage requestImage (const QString & id , QSize * size , const QSize & requestedSize )
virtual QPixmap requestPixmap (const QString & id , QSize * size , const QSize & requestedSize )
virtual QQuickTextureFactory * requestTexture (const QString & id , QSize * size , const QSize & requestedSize )

重实现公共函数

virtual QQmlImageProviderBase::Flags flags () const override
virtual QQmlImageProviderBase::ImageType imageType () const override

详细描述

QQuickImageProvider is used to provide advanced image loading features in QML applications. It allows images in QML to be:

  • Loaded using QPixmaps rather than actual image files
  • Loaded asynchronously in a separate thread

To specify that an image should be loaded by an image provider, use the "image:" scheme for the URL source of the image, followed by the identifiers of the image provider and the requested image. For example: 

Image { source: "image://myimageprovider/image.png" }

This specifies that the image should be loaded by the image provider named "myimageprovider", and the image to be loaded is named "image.png". The QML engine invokes the appropriate image provider according to the providers that have been registered through QQmlEngine::addImageProvider ().

Note that the identifiers are case-insensitive, but the rest of the URL will be passed on with preserved case. For example, the below snippet would still specify that the image is loaded by the image provider named "myimageprovider", but it would request a different image than the above snippet ("Image.png" instead of "image.png"). 

Image { source: "image://MyImageProvider/Image.png" }

If you want the rest of the URL to be case insensitive, you will have to take care of that yourself inside your image provider.

范例

Here are two images. Their source values indicate they should be loaded by an image provider named "colors", and the images to be loaded are "yellow" and "red", respectively: 

Column {
    Image { source: "image://colors/yellow" }
    Image { source: "image://colors/red" }
}

When these images are loaded by QML, it looks for a matching image provider and calls its requestImage () 或 requestPixmap () method (depending on its imageType ()) to load the image. The method is called with the id parameter set to "yellow" for the first image, and "red" for the second.

Here is an image provider implementation that can load the images requested by the above QML. This implementation dynamically generates QPixmap images that are filled with the requested color: 

class ColorImageProvider : public QQuickImageProvider
{
public:
    ColorImageProvider()
               : QQuickImageProvider(QQuickImageProvider::Pixmap)
    {
    }
    QPixmap requestPixmap(const QString &id, QSize *size, const QSize &requestedSize) override
    {
       int width = 100;
       int height = 50;
       if (size)
          *size = QSize(width, height);
       QPixmap pixmap(requestedSize.width() > 0 ? requestedSize.width() : width,
                      requestedSize.height() > 0 ? requestedSize.height() : height);
       pixmap.fill(QColor(id).rgba());
       return pixmap;
    }
};

To make this provider accessible to QML, it is registered with the QML engine with a "colors" identifier: 

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QQuickView view;
    QQmlEngine *engine = view.engine();
    engine->addImageProvider(QLatin1String("colors"), new ColorImageProvider);
    view.setSource(QUrl::fromLocalFile(QStringLiteral("imageprovider-example.qml")));
    view.show();
    return app.exec();
}

Now the images can be successfully loaded in QML:

见 Image Provider Example for the complete implementation. Note that the example registers the provider via a plugin instead of registering it in the application main() function as shown above.

异步图像加载

Image providers that support QImage or Texture loading automatically include support for asychronous loading of images. To enable asynchronous loading for an image source, set the asynchronous 特性到 true for the relevant Image or BorderImage object. When this is enabled, the image request to the provider is run in a low priority thread, allowing image loading to be executed in the background, and reducing the performance impact on the user interface.

To force asynchronous image loading, even for image sources that do not have the asynchronous 特性被设为 true , you may pass the QQmlImageProviderBase::ForceAsynchronousImageLoading flag to the image provider constructor. This ensures that all image requests for the provider are handled in a separate thread.

Asynchronous loading for image providers that provide QPixmap is only supported in platforms that have the ThreadedPixmaps feature, in platforms where pixmaps can only be created in the main thread (i.e. ThreadedPixmaps is not supported) if asynchronous 被设为 true , the value is ignored and the image is loaded synchronously.

Asynchronous image loading for providers of type other than ImageResponse are executed on a single thread per engine basis. That means that a slow image provider will block the loading of any other request. To avoid that we suggest using QQuickAsyncImageProvider and implement threading on the provider side via a QThreadPool or similar. See the Image Response Provider Example for a complete implementation.

图像缓存

Images returned by a QQuickImageProvider are automatically cached, similar to any image loaded by the QML engine. When an image with a "image://" prefix is loaded from cache, requestImage () 和 requestPixmap () will not be called for the relevant image provider. If an image should always be fetched from the image provider, and should not be cached at all, set the cache 特性到 false for the relevant Image or BorderImage 对象。

另请参阅 QQmlEngine::addImageProvider ().

成员函数文档编制

QQuickImageProvider:: QQuickImageProvider ( QQmlImageProviderBase::ImageType type , QQmlImageProviderBase::Flags flags = Flags())

Creates an image provider that will provide images of the given type and behave according to the given flags .

[override virtual] QQuickImageProvider:: ~QQuickImageProvider ()

销毁 QQuickImageProvider

注意： The destructor of your derived class need to be thread safe.

[override virtual] QQmlImageProviderBase::Flags QQuickImageProvider:: flags () const

重实现： QQmlImageProviderBase::flags () const.

Returns the flags set for this provider.

[override virtual] QQmlImageProviderBase::ImageType QQuickImageProvider:: imageType () const

重实现： QQmlImageProviderBase::imageType () const.

Returns the image type supported by this provider.

[虚拟] QImage QQuickImageProvider:: requestImage (const QString & id , QSize * size , const QSize & requestedSize )

Implement this method to return the image with id . The default implementation returns an empty image.

id is the requested image source, with the "image:" scheme and provider identifier removed. For example, if the image source was "image://myprovider/icons/home", the given id would be "icons/home".

requestedSize corresponds to the Image::sourceSize requested by an Image item. If requestedSize is a valid size, the image returned should be of that size.

In all cases, size must be set to the original size of the image. This is used to set the width and height of the relevant Image if these values have not been set explicitly.

注意： this method may be called by multiple threads, so ensure the implementation of this method is reentrant.

[虚拟] QPixmap QQuickImageProvider:: requestPixmap (const QString & id , QSize * size , const QSize & requestedSize )

Implement this method to return the pixmap with id . The default implementation returns an empty pixmap.

id is the requested image source, with the "image:" scheme and provider identifier removed. For example, if the image source was "image://myprovider/icons/home", the given id would be "icons/home".

requestedSize corresponds to the Image::sourceSize requested by an Image item. If requestedSize is a valid size, the image returned should be of that size.

In all cases, size must be set to the original size of the image. This is used to set the width and height of the relevant Image if these values have not been set explicitly.

注意： this method may be called by multiple threads, so ensure the implementation of this method is reentrant.

[虚拟] QQuickTextureFactory *QQuickImageProvider:: requestTexture (const QString & id , QSize * size , const QSize & requestedSize )

Implement this method to return the texture with id . The default implementation returns nullptr .

id is the requested image source, with the "image:" scheme and provider identifier removed. For example, if the image source was "image://myprovider/icons/home", the given id would be "icons/home".

requestedSize corresponds to the Image::sourceSize requested by an Image item. If requestedSize is a valid size, the image returned should be of that size.

In all cases, size must be set to the original size of the image. This is used to set the width and height of the relevant Image if these values have not been set explicitly.

注意： this method may be called by multiple threads, so ensure the implementation of this method is reentrant.