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  5. QStringTokenizer

QStringTokenizer 類

template <typename Haystack, typename Needle> class QStringTokenizer

QStringTokenizer 類沿給定分隔符將字符串分割成令牌。 更多...

頭： #include <QStringTokenizer>
CMake: find_package(Qt6 REQUIRED COMPONENTS Core)
target_link_libraries(mytarget PRIVATE Qt6::Core)
qmake: QT += core
Since: Qt 6.0
繼承： QtPrivate::Tok::HaystackPinning (private), QtPrivate::Tok::NeedlePinning (private), and

注意： 此類的所有函數 可重入 .

公共類型

const_iterator
const_pointer
const_reference
difference_type
iterator
pointer
reference
sentinel
size_type
value_type

公共函數

QStringTokenizer (Haystack haystack , Needle needle , Qt::CaseSensitivity cs , Qt::SplitBehavior sb = Qt::KeepEmptyParts)
QStringTokenizer (Haystack haystack , Needle needle , Qt::SplitBehavior sb = Qt::KeepEmptyParts, Qt::CaseSensitivity cs = Qt::CaseSensitive)
QStringTokenizer<Haystack, Needle>::iterator begin () const
QStringTokenizer<Haystack, Needle>::iterator cbegin () const
QStringTokenizer<Haystack, Needle>::sentinel cend () const
QStringTokenizer<Haystack, Needle>::sentinel end () const
LContainer toContainer (LContainer && c = {}) const &
RContainer toContainer (RContainer && c = {}) const &&
(從 6.0 起) auto qTokenize (Haystack && haystack , Needle && needle , Flags... flags )

詳細描述

Splits a string into substrings wherever a given separator occurs, returning a (lazily constructed) list of those strings. If the separator does not match anywhere in the string, produces a single-element list containing this string. If the separator is empty, QStringTokenizer produces an empty string, followed by each of the string's characters, followed by another empty string. The two enumerations Qt::SplitBehavior and Qt::CaseSensitivity further control the output.

QStringTokenizer drives QStringView::tokenize (), but you can use it directly, too: 

for (auto it : QStringTokenizer{string, separator})
    use(*it);

注意： You should never name the template arguments of a QStringTokenizer explicitly. You may write QStringTokenizer{string, separator} (without template arguments), or use either QStringView::tokenize () 或 QLatin1StringView::tokenize (), then store the return value only in an auto 變量： 

auto result = strview.tokenize(sep);

This is because the template arguments of QStringTokenizer have a very subtle dependency on the specific string and separator types from with which they are constructed, and they don't usually correspond to the actual types passed.

惰性序列

QStringTokenizer acts as a so-called lazy sequence, that is, each next element is only computed once you ask for it. Lazy sequences have the advantage that they only require O(1) memory. They have the disadvantage that, at least for QStringTokenizer, they only allow forward, not random-access, iteration.

The intended use-case is that you just plug it into a ranged for loop: 

for (auto it : QStringTokenizer{string, separator})
    use(*it);

or a C++20 ranged algorithm: 

std::ranges::for_each(QStringTokenizer{string, separator},
                      [] (auto token) { use(token); });

結束哨點

The QStringTokenizer iterators cannot be used with classical STL algorithms, because those require iterator/iterator pairs, while QStringTokenizer uses sentinels. That is, it uses a different type, QStringTokenizer::sentinel , to mark the end of the range. This improves performance, because the sentinel is an empty type. Sentinels are supported from C++17 (for ranged for) and C++20 (for algorithms using the new ranges library).

臨時

QStringTokenizer is very carefully designed to avoid dangling references. If you construct a tokenizer from a temporary string (an rvalue), that argument is stored internally, so the referenced data isn't deleted before it is tokenized: 

auto tok = QStringTokenizer{widget.text(), u','};
// return value of `widget.text()` is destroyed, but content was moved into `tok`
for (auto e : tok)
   use(e);

If you pass named objects (lvalues), then QStringTokenizer does not store a copy. You are responsible to keep the named object's data around for longer than the tokenizer operates on it: 

auto text = widget.text();
auto tok = QStringTokenizer{text, u','};
text.clear();      // destroy content of `text`
for (auto e : tok) // ERROR: `tok` references deleted data!
    use(e);

另請參閱 QStringView::split (), QString::split ()，和 QRegularExpression .

成員類型文檔編製

[alias] QStringTokenizer:: const_iterator

此 typedef 提供 STL 樣式 const 迭代器為 QStringTokenizer .

另請參閱 iterator .

[alias] QStringTokenizer:: const_pointer

彆名化的 value_type * .

[alias] QStringTokenizer:: const_reference

彆名化的 value_type & .

[alias] QStringTokenizer:: difference_type

Alias for qsizetype.

[alias] QStringTokenizer:: iterator

此 typedef 提供 STL 樣式 const 迭代器為 QStringTokenizer .

QStringTokenizer does not support mutable iterators, so this is the same as const_iterator .

另請參閱 const_iterator .

[alias] QStringTokenizer:: pointer

彆名化的 value_type * .

QStringTokenizer does not support mutable iterators, so this is the same as const_pointer .

[alias] QStringTokenizer:: reference

彆名化的 value_type & .

QStringTokenizer does not support mutable references, so this is the same as const_reference .

[alias] QStringTokenizer:: sentinel

This typedef provides an STL-style sentinel for QStringTokenizer::iterator and QStringTokenizer::const_iterator .

另請參閱 const_iterator .

[alias] QStringTokenizer:: size_type

Alias for qsizetype.

[alias] QStringTokenizer:: value_type

彆名化的 const QStringView or const QLatin1StringView , depending on the tokenizer's Haystack template argument.

成員函數文檔編製

[explicit constexpr noexcept(...)] QStringTokenizer:: QStringTokenizer ( Haystack haystack , Needle needle , Qt::CaseSensitivity cs , Qt::SplitBehavior sb = Qt::KeepEmptyParts)

[explicit constexpr noexcept(...)] QStringTokenizer:: QStringTokenizer ( Haystack haystack , Needle needle , Qt::SplitBehavior sb = Qt::KeepEmptyParts, Qt::CaseSensitivity cs = Qt::CaseSensitive)

Constructs a string tokenizer that splits the string haystack into substrings wherever needle occurs, and allows iteration over those strings as they are found. If needle does not match anywhere in haystack , a single element containing haystack is produced.

cs specifies whether needle should be matched case sensitively or case insensitively.

若 sb is Qt::SkipEmptyParts , empty entries don't appear in the result. By default, empty entries are included.

注意： (1) is noexcept when std::is_nothrow_copy_constructible<QStringTokenizer>::value is true .

注意： (2) is noexcept when std::is_nothrow_copy_constructible<QStringTokenizer>::value is true .

另請參閱 QStringView::split (), QString::split (), Qt::CaseSensitivity ，和 Qt::SplitBehavior .

[noexcept] QStringTokenizer < Haystack , Needle > ::iterator QStringTokenizer:: begin () const

[noexcept] QStringTokenizer < Haystack , Needle > ::iterator QStringTokenizer:: cbegin () const

返迴常量 STL 樣式迭代器 pointing to the first token in the list.

另請參閱 end () 和 cend ().

[constexpr noexcept] QStringTokenizer < Haystack , Needle > ::sentinel QStringTokenizer:: cend () const

如同 end ().

另請參閱 cbegin () 和 end ().

[constexpr noexcept] QStringTokenizer < Haystack , Needle > ::sentinel QStringTokenizer:: end () const

返迴常量 STL-style sentinel pointing to the imaginary token after the last token in the list.

另請參閱 begin () 和 cend ().

template <typename LContainer> LContainer QStringTokenizer:: toContainer ( LContainer && c = {}) const &

Converts the lazy sequence into a (typically) random-access container of type LContainer .

This function is only available if Container 擁有 value_type matching this tokenizer's value_type .

If you pass in a named container (an lvalue) for c , then that container is filled, and a reference to it is returned. If you pass in a temporary container (an rvalue, incl. the default argument), then that container is filled, and returned by value. 

// assuming tok's value_type is QStringView, then...
auto tok = QStringTokenizer{~~~};
// ... rac1 is a QList:
auto rac1 = tok.toContainer();
// ... rac2 is std::pmr::vector<QStringView>:
auto rac2 = tok.toContainer<std::pmr::vector<QStringView>>();
auto rac3 = QVarLengthArray<QStringView, 12>{};
// appends the token sequence produced by tok to rac3
//  and returns a reference to rac3 (which we ignore here):
tok.toContainer(rac3);

This gives you maximum flexibility in how you want the sequence to be stored.

template <typename RContainer> RContainer QStringTokenizer:: toContainer ( RContainer && c = {}) const &&

Converts the lazy sequence into a (typically) random-access container of type RContainer .

In addition to the constraints on the lvalue-this overload, this rvalue-this overload is only available when this QStringTokenizer does not store the haystack internally, as this could create a container full of dangling references: 

auto tokens = QStringTokenizer{widget.text(), u','}.toContainer();
// ERROR: cannot call toContainer() on rvalue
// 'tokens' references the data of the copy of widget.text()
// stored inside the QStringTokenizer, which has since been deleted

To fix, store the QStringTokenizer in a temporary: 

auto tokenizer = QStringTokenizer{widget.text90, u','};
auto tokens = tokenizer.toContainer();
// OK: the copy of widget.text() stored in 'tokenizer' keeps the data
// referenced by 'tokens' alive.

You can force this function into existence by passing a view instead: 

func(QStringTokenizer{QStringView{widget.text()}, u','}.toContainer());
// OK: compiler keeps widget.text() around until after func() has executed

If you pass in a named container (an lvalue)for c , then that container is filled, and a reference to it is returned. If you pass in a temporary container (an rvalue, incl. the default argument), then that container is filled, and returned by value.

這是重載函數。

相關非成員

[constexpr noexcept(...), since 6.0] template <typename Haystack, typename Needle, typename... Flags> auto qTokenize ( Haystack && haystack , Needle && needle , Flags ... flags )

Factory function for a QStringTokenizer that splits the string haystack into substrings wherever needle occurs, and allows iteration over those strings as they are found. If needle does not match anywhere in haystack , a single element containing haystack is produced.

Pass values from Qt::CaseSensitivity and Qt::SplitBehavior enumerators as flags to modify the behavior of the tokenizer.

該函數在 Qt 6.0 引入。

注意： This function is noexcept when QtPrivate::Tok::is_nothrow_constructible_from<Haystack, Needle>::value is true .

內容

  1. 公共類型

  2. 公共函數

  3. 相關非成員

  4. 詳細描述

  5. 惰性序列

  6. 結束哨點

  7. 臨時