Qt Quick 3D - RuntimeLoader Example

Demonstrates how assets can be loaded at runtime.

This example shows how to implement a simple asset viewer using the RuntimeLoader .

见 introductory example documentation for an explanation of how to set up a basic scene. Once we have the scene set up we can add the RuntimeLoader item:

RuntimeLoader {
    id: importNode
    source: windowRoot.importUrl
    instancing: instancingButton.checked ? instancing : null
    onBoundsChanged: helper.updateBounds(bounds)
}

Loading an asset is done by setting the RuntimeLoader 's source property. In this example the source is bound to the importUrl which will be changed when the user selects a file in the file-dialog.

Assuming the asset can be loaded, the content will be created as children of the RuntimeLoader importNode 。注意， RuntimeLoader 是 Node type, and since it is also the root node for the loaded asset, any transforms applied to the importNode will also affect its children.

错误处理

If an asset fails to load then the RuntimeLoader 's status 特性会被设为 Error 。 RuntimeLoader 's errorString can then be queried to get a more detailed description of the error.

In this example we will be displaying the error message in a red message box in the middle of the screen, like this:

Rectangle {
    id: messageBox
    visible: importNode.status !== RuntimeLoader.Success
    color: "red"
    width: parent.width * 0.8
    height: parent.height * 0.8
    anchors.centerIn: parent
    radius: Math.min(width, height) / 10
    opacity: 0.6
    Text {
        anchors.fill: parent
        font.pixelSize: 36
        text: "Status: " + importNode.errorString + "\nPress \"Import...\" to import a model"
        color: "white"
        wrapMode: Text.Wrap
        horizontalAlignment: Text.AlignHCenter
        verticalAlignment: Text.AlignVCenter
    }
}

Moving the camera

To make it possible to change the position of the camera we use the WasdController 从 Helpers module and bind it to our camera, like this:

OrbitCameraController {
    id: orbitController
    origin: orbitCameraNode
    camera: orbitCamera
    enabled: helper.orbitControllerEnabled
}
WasdController {
    id: wasdController
    controlledObject: wasdCamera
    enabled: !helper.orbitControllerEnabled
}

除了 WasdController , the example uses a WheelHandler 和 PointerHandler to scale and rotate the model.

Instancing

The RuntimeLoader item can also be used in combination with instancing, as shown here:

RandomInstancing {
    id: instancing
    instanceCount: 30
    position: InstanceRange {
        property alias boundsDiameter: helper.boundsDiameter
        from: Qt.vector3d(-3*boundsDiameter, -3*boundsDiameter, -3*boundsDiameter);
        to: Qt.vector3d(3*boundsDiameter, 3*boundsDiameter, 3*boundsDiameter)
    }
    color: InstanceRange { from: "black"; to: "white" }
}

RuntimeLoader does not inherit from Model, but it has its own instancing property which allows us to instance a complex imported asset as if it were a simple model. In this case we use the RandomInstancing component from the Helpers module to randomly position items within a fixed area and with a random color.

Material Overrides

Sometimes when loading an asset, it is possible that it may not look as expected. The materialOverride property will change how each material in the scene is rendered to display a particular contribution to the overall rendering. This can be useful for determining what exactly about the asset is not correct so that the original asset can be adjusted if necessary.

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