configure is a command-line tool that supports you in building a custom version of Qt from source. It's part of the main Qt source directory.
Since Qt 6, configure is a wrapper around cmake . CMake can also be invoked directly. configure provides additional error checking and compatibility with Qt 5.
This page discusses some of the configure options. For the full list of options, enter the command configure -h .
注意： Unless stated otherwise, the commands on this page are for the Linux platforms. On macOS and Windows, the PATH and directory structure are different, therefore the commands will vary. Also, on Windows systems, the configure script is called configure.bat.
configure must be called in a working build environment where CMake, compilers, and required build tools are readily available. 构建 Qt 源 lists such dependencies per platform.
After setting up such an environment, the typical workflow is to create a separate build directory, and then first run configure, then build Qt, and then install Qt:
~/qt-source/configure cmake --build . --parallel cmake --install .
You might want to experiment with different configure flags, and therefore run configure multiple times. Note that CMake caches configure options and information about the environment in a file called CMakeCache.txt. Delete this file when you want to start over without cached information.
The source directory contains the source code that is obtained from the source package or git repository. The build directory is where the build-related files, such as build system files, object files, and other intermediate files are stored. The 安装 directory is where the binaries and libraries are installed, for use either by the system or by the application.
It's recommended to keep these directories separate by shadow-building and using the -prefix option. This enables you to keep the Qt source tree clean from the build artifacts and binaries, which are stored in a separate directory. This method is very convenient if you want to have multiple builds from the same source tree, but for different configurations. To shadow-build, run configure from a separate directory:
mkdir ~/qt-build cd ~/qt-build ~/qt-source/configure -prefix /opt/Qt6
Configuring with the -prefix option means that the Qt binaries and libraries are installed into another directory, which is /opt/Qt6 in this case.
By default, configure only configures Qt's libraries and tools. You can use -make examples or -make tests to also build the examples or tests that come with Qt:
~/qt-source/configure -make examples -make tests
You can also configure Qt such that examples, tests, and tools are configured, but not built by default. If you set the CMake variables
QT_BUILD_EXAMPLES_BY_DEFAULT
,
QT_BUILD_TESTS_BY_DEFAULT
，和
QT_BUILD_TOOLS_BY_DEFAULT
to OFF, the respective parts will not be built by
cmake --build .
. Instead, CMake will generate individual targets that you can then build individually.
Here we build Qt libraries and tools, but also the NotePad Example :
~/qt-source/configure -make examples -- -D QT_NO_MAKE_EXAMPLES=ON cmake --build . --parallel cmake --build . --parallel --target notepad
注意： The -developer-build option builds tests by default. See also 开发者构建 下文。
You can build Qt libraries and tools in various variants, each of them optimized for a different use case.
-release tells the compiler to optimize the code, and not provide additional debug symbols alongside Qt and its tools.
-debug skips some optimizations to make it easier to debug Qt and its tools. This option also enables the generation of debug symbols that let you inspect the code and state of the built libraries in a debugger.
最后， -debug-and-release lets you build both a debug and release variant of Qt libraries in one go. This is only supported if you configure a build for Windows.
There are further options to tweak the configurations:
Qt Modules can be built as separate libraries that an executable links to and loads at start time (for Qt libraries), or runtime (for Qt plugins). This is called a shared build and is the default configuration on most platforms. The matching configure option is -dynamic .
You can also build Qt such that an executable binary will include all Qt modules it links to and all Qt plugins it needs. This is called a static build and can be selected when configuring with the -static 选项。
When configuring, you can select a CMake generator. Note that CMake supports generators that cannot be used with Qt. Therefore, configure automatically selects a generator for you.
configure always uses the Ninja generator and build tool if a ninja executable is available. Ninja is both cross-platform, feature-rich, and performant, and recommended on all platforms. Use of other generators might work, but is not officially supported.
Qt consists of different 模块 whose sources can be found in different directories inside the top-level source directory. Users can explicitly exclude specific top-level directories to limit build times. Furthermore, each Qt module might have features that can also be explicitly enabled or disabled.
configure
's
-skip
option allows top-level source directories to be excluded from the Qt build. Note that some directories contain multiple Qt modules. For example, to exclude the Qt Wayland Compositor and the Qt Wayland integration plugin from the Qt build, provide
-skip qtwayland
as an option to configure.
~/qt-source/configure -skip qtwayland
The -feature- <feature> and -no-feature- <feature> 选项分别包括和排除特定特征。
For example, you can use the -no-feature-accessibility configure option to disable 可访问性 support in Qt:
~/qt-source/configure -no-feature-accessibility
使用 configure -list-features to show a list of all available features on the command line. Note that features can depend on other features, so disabling a feature might have side-effects on other features.
The Qt source packages include third-party libraries. To set whether Qt should use the system's versions of the libraries or to use the bundled version, pass either -system or -qt before the name of the library to configure.
The table below summarizes some third-party options:
| 库名称 | 捆绑在 Qt 中 | 安装在系统中 |
|---|---|---|
| zlib | -qt-zlib | -system-zlib |
| libjpeg | -qt-libjpeg | -system-libjpeg |
| libpng | -qt-libpng | -system-libpng |
| freetype | -qt-freetype | -system-freetype |
| PCRE | -qt-pcre | -system-pcre |
| HarfBuzz-NG | -qt-harfbuzz | -system-harfbuzz |
It's also possible to disable support for most of these libraries by using -no 而不是 -qt .
configure in Qt 6 relies on CMake to locate third-party libraries. It does so by checking various system paths. If you installed libraries somewhere else, you can let CMake know this by setting or extending the CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH 变量。
For a full list of options, consult the help with configure -help .
Qt Network can be configured to support communication for Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) but does not implement the actual algorithms itself. It needs to leverage other libraries instead.
On Windows, Qt can use the system's Secure Channel library for this purpose (configure option -schannel ). On macOS and iOS, Qt can be configured to use the SecureTransport API (configure option -securetransport ).
The most feature-complete support that also works on almost all target platforms is provided by the OpenSSL 工具包 (option -openssl ). Qt does require OpenSSL 1.1.1 or later.
Qt 可以按 3 种方式配置使用 OpenSSL：
Set the CMake variable OPENSSL_ROOT_DIR if OpenSSL is not installed in a standard location, and therefore not found by configure.
见 SSL (安全套接字层) 类 了解带有 SSL 支持的 Qt 的进一步有关指导。
To configure Qt for cross-platform development and deployment, you need to have a matching Qt version for the host machine first. Also, the development toolchain for the target platform needs to be set up. This set up varies among the 支持平台 .
常见选项：
注意： Toolchains for non-desktop targets often come with a so-called sysroot that Qt needs to be configured against.
The -developer-build configure option is a convenience option that optimizes the build for developing Qt itself. It shouldn't be used for building Qt variants that ship to customers.
Libraries in a developer build contain more exported symbols than a standard build, and all Qt code compiles with a higher warning level. It also changes the default prefix to the build directory, avoiding the need to install Qt before testing things, and finally enables the compilation of Qt's auto-tests by default.
The Qt build system has basic support for reconfiguring existing Qt builds with a different set of configure options, but it is not very robust due to the way CMake works internally.
The safest way to reconfigure an existing build is to pass the -redo option to configure. That will remove the build's CMakeCache.txt file, ensuring a relatively safe state for reconfiguration. The initial configure flags will still apply to the reconfigured build.
The following pages provide guidelines on how to configure Qt for specific platform development:
