This page contains information particular to building and running Qt applications on Android. See 支持的 Android 版本 for what Android versions and API levels are supported.
The easiest way to develop with Qt for Android is to use Qt Creator . When you use an Android Kit with a Qt Creator project, it builds your code in addition to some Android specific files that are required for enabling Qt on Android and generating your application bundle. Qt Creator adds these files in a subdirectory of your project called android 。更多信息，见 Android 包模板 .
On Android, apps are distributed to devices as APK packages. For distributing apps in Google Play, a different format called AAB is used instead. For more information, see 发布到 Google Play .
Use Qt Creator to build both APK and AAB package formats, or build them manually. For more information, see 在 Android 部署应用程序 .
If an application uses plugins that depend on other modules, these modules must be listed in the application's dependencies. For more information, see 依赖检测 .
Given that Android apps typically include GUI elements, the Qt for Android plugin is built mainly to provide a GUI, so it implements the various QPA abstractions. As a result, deploying a Qt for Android app is expected to involve a dependency on Qt GUI . Moreover, it's worth noting that Qt Creator only supports Gradle builds and deployments, meaning that command line or shell executions are not supported out of the box.
Because of a bug in some OpenGL drivers, the mechanism used by Qt to cache text glyphs does not work as expected on all Android devices, causing text to appear scrambled. To remedy this, a workaround is in place, but it can increase memory consumption and can also affect text rendering performance. The workaround is now used by default on all devices.
You can disable the workaround by setting the
QT_ANDROID_DISABLE_GLYPH_CACHE_WORKAROUND
环境变量到
1
or
true
. However, you should do so only after verifying that text appears correctly on all targeted devices.
Modern devices often support OpenGL ES 3.0 or 3.1 in addition to 2.0. To get a suitable OpenGL context, set the requested version via QSurfaceFormat::setVersion ().
注意： Using OpenGL ES 3.x features will result in the application breaking on older devices that only support 2.0.
Qt for Android provides a special, virtual file system which is based on the
Android 资产机制
. Files that are put under the directory (
ANDROID_PACKAGE_SOURCE_DIR
/assets/) are packaged as part of your application package. These can be accessed in Qt by prefixing the paths with
assets:/
。更多信息，见
Porting Qt applications to Android
.
Qt for Android currently has binaries for armv7a , arm64-v8a , x86 and x86-64 .
If you want to support several different ABIs in your application in Google Play, the recommendation is to build an Application App Bundle (AAB) containing binaries for each of the ABIs. Based on your AAB, Google Play generates optimized Application Packages (APK) for each device requesting a download.
更多信息，见 构建 Android 应用程序 .
Due to a bug on some devices, when you turn off predictive text with
ImhNoPredictiveText
, this property is ignored and predictive text is still enabled. To work around this, set the
QT_ANDROID_ENABLE_WORKAROUND_TO_DISABLE_PREDICTIVE_TEXT
环境变量到
1
. However, one side effect is that this environment variable can cause a problem with other keyboards such as Gboard. If you use a language like Japanese, with Gboard, only a QWERTY keyboard is displayed. This environment variable is queried each time the keyboard is displayed, so it's possible to toggle the workaround on and off, as necessary.
Some of the Qt modules might have features that are not supported on Android or have limitations. For more information, see QTBUG-72086 .
QtActivity
or
Android Activity
to create a custom Activity?
QtActivity
extends
Activity
and implements the logic needed to load the Qt libraries or handle events and native calls between Android and Qt. In general, extending
QtActivity
is needed if you are using any native calls. Otherwise, extending
Activity
should work.
QtService
or
Android Service
?
The same reasoning as
QtActivity
applies here. Unless you are using features that require the Qt libraries to be loaded, like native calls.
Android Fragments cannot be used with Qt. However, Qt offers it's own modular components and views with QML. You can combine multiple components in one QML view. For more information, see Qt QML .