内容

DetailsDialog Definition
DetailsDialog Implementation
MainWindow Definition
MainWindow Implementation
main() 函数

订购表单范例

The Order Form example shows how to generate rich text documents by combining a simple template with data input by the user in a dialog.

DetailsDialog Definition

DetailsDialog 类是子类化的 QDialog , implementing a slot verify() to allow contents of the DetailsDialog to be verified later. This is further explained in DetailsDialog Implementation.

class DetailsDialog : public QDialog
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    DetailsDialog(const QString &title, QWidget *parent);
public slots:
    void verify();
public:
    QList<QPair<QString, int> > orderItems();
    QString senderName() const;
    QString senderAddress() const;
    bool sendOffers();
private:
    void setupItemsTable();
    QLabel *nameLabel;
    QLabel *addressLabel;
    QCheckBox *offersCheckBox;
    QLineEdit *nameEdit;
    QStringList items;
    QTableWidget *itemsTable;
    QTextEdit *addressEdit;
    QDialogButtonBox *buttonBox;
};

The constructor of DetailsDialog accepts parameters title and parent . The class defines four getter functions: orderItems() , senderName() , senderAddress() ，和 sendOffers() to allow data to be accessed externally.

The class definition includes input widgets for the required fields, nameEdit and addressEdit . Also, a QCheckBox 和 QDialogButtonBox are defined; the former to provide the user with the option to receive information on products and offers, and the latter to ensure that buttons used are arranged according to the user's native platform. In addition, a QTableWidget , itemsTable , is used to hold order details.

The screenshot below shows the DetailsDialog we intend to create.

DetailsDialog Implementation

The constructor of DetailsDialog instantiates the earlier defined fields and their respective labels. The label for offersCheckBox is set and the setupItemsTable() function is invoked to setup and populate itemsTable 。 QDialogButtonBox 对象， buttonBox , is instantiated with OK and Cancel buttons. This buttonBox 's accepted() and rejected() signals are connected to the verify() and reject() slots in DetailsDialog .

DetailsDialog::DetailsDialog(const QString &title, QWidget *parent)
    : QDialog(parent)
{
    nameLabel = new QLabel(tr("Name:"));
    addressLabel = new QLabel(tr("Address:"));
    addressLabel->setAlignment(Qt::AlignLeft | Qt::AlignTop);
    nameEdit = new QLineEdit;
    addressEdit = new QTextEdit;
    offersCheckBox = new QCheckBox(tr("Send information about products and "
                                      "special offers"));
    setupItemsTable();
    buttonBox = new QDialogButtonBox(QDialogButtonBox::Ok
                                     | QDialogButtonBox::Cancel);
    connect(buttonBox, &QDialogButtonBox::accepted, this, &DetailsDialog::verify);
    connect(buttonBox, &QDialogButtonBox::rejected, this, &DetailsDialog::reject);

A QGridLayout is used to place all the objects on the DetailsDialog .

    QGridLayout *mainLayout = new QGridLayout;
    mainLayout->addWidget(nameLabel, 0, 0);
    mainLayout->addWidget(nameEdit, 0, 1);
    mainLayout->addWidget(addressLabel, 1, 0);
    mainLayout->addWidget(addressEdit, 1, 1);
    mainLayout->addWidget(itemsTable, 0, 2, 2, 1);
    mainLayout->addWidget(offersCheckBox, 2, 1, 1, 2);
    mainLayout->addWidget(buttonBox, 3, 0, 1, 3);
    setLayout(mainLayout);
    setWindowTitle(title);
}

setupItemsTable() function instantiates the QTableWidget 对象， itemsTable , and sets the number of rows based on the QStringList 对象， 项 , which holds the type of items ordered. The number of columns is set to 2, providing a "name" and "quantity" layout. A for loop is used to populate the itemsTable 和 名称 item's flag is set to Qt::ItemIsEnabled or Qt::ItemIsSelectable . For demonstration purposes, the quantity item is set to a 1 and all items in the itemsTable have this value for quantity; but this can be modified by editing the contents of the cells at run time.

void DetailsDialog::setupItemsTable()
{
    items << tr("T-shirt") << tr("Badge") << tr("Reference book")
          << tr("Coffee cup");
    itemsTable = new QTableWidget(items.count(), 2);
    for (int row = 0; row < items.count(); ++row) {
        QTableWidgetItem *name = new QTableWidgetItem(items[row]);
        name->setFlags(Qt::ItemIsEnabled | Qt::ItemIsSelectable);
        itemsTable->setItem(row, 0, name);
        QTableWidgetItem *quantity = new QTableWidgetItem("1");
        itemsTable->setItem(row, 1, quantity);
    }
}

orderItems() function extracts data from the itemsTable and returns it in the form of a QList <QPair< QString ,int>> where each QPair corresponds to an item and the quantity ordered.

QList<QPair<QString, int> > DetailsDialog::orderItems()
{
    QList<QPair<QString, int> > orderList;
    for (int row = 0; row < items.count(); ++row) {
        QPair<QString, int> item;
        item.first = itemsTable->item(row, 0)->text();
        int quantity = itemsTable->item(row, 1)->data(Qt::DisplayRole).toInt();
        item.second = qMax(0, quantity);
        orderList.append(item);
    }
    return orderList;
}

senderName() function is used to return the value of the QLineEdit used to store the name field for the order form.

QString DetailsDialog::senderName() const
{
    return nameEdit->text();
}

senderAddress() function is used to return the value of the QTextEdit containing the address for the order form.

QString DetailsDialog::senderAddress() const
{
    return addressEdit->toPlainText();
}

sendOffers() function is used to return a true or false value that is used to determine if the customer in the order form wishes to receive more information on the company's offers and promotions.

bool DetailsDialog::sendOffers()
{
    return offersCheckBox->isChecked();
}

verify() function is an additionally implemented slot used to verify the details entered by the user into the DetailsDialog . If the details entered are incomplete, a QMessageBox is displayed providing the user the option to discard the DetailsDialog . Otherwise, the details are accepted and the accept() function is invoked.

void DetailsDialog::verify()
{
    if (!nameEdit->text().isEmpty() && !addressEdit->toPlainText().isEmpty()) {
        accept();
        return;
    }
    QMessageBox::StandardButton answer;
    answer = QMessageBox::warning(this, tr("Incomplete Form"),
        tr("The form does not contain all the necessary information.\n"
           "Do you want to discard it?"),
        QMessageBox::Yes | QMessageBox::No);
    if (answer == QMessageBox::Yes)
        reject();
}

MainWindow Definition

MainWindow 类是子类化的 QMainWindow , implementing two slots - openDialog() and printFile() . It also contains a private instance of QTabWidget , letters .

class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    MainWindow();
    void createSample();
public slots:
    void openDialog();
    void printFile();
private:
    void createLetter(const QString &name, const QString &address,
                      QList<QPair<QString,int> > orderItems,
                      bool sendOffers);
    QAction *printAction;
    QTabWidget *letters;
};

MainWindow Implementation

MainWindow constructor sets up the fileMenu and the required actions, newAction and printAction . These actions' triggered() signals are connected to the additionally implemented openDialog() slot and the default close() slot. The QTabWidget , letters , is instantiated and set as the window's central widget.

MainWindow::MainWindow()
{
    QMenu *fileMenu = new QMenu(tr("&File"), this);
    QAction *newAction = fileMenu->addAction(tr("&New..."));
    newAction->setShortcuts(QKeySequence::New);
    printAction = fileMenu->addAction(tr("&Print..."), this, &MainWindow::printFile);
    printAction->setShortcuts(QKeySequence::Print);
    printAction->setEnabled(false);
    QAction *quitAction = fileMenu->addAction(tr("E&xit"));
    quitAction->setShortcuts(QKeySequence::Quit);
    menuBar()->addMenu(fileMenu);
    letters = new QTabWidget;
    connect(newAction, &QAction::triggered, this, &MainWindow::openDialog);
    connect(quitAction, &QAction::triggered, this, &MainWindow::close);
    setCentralWidget(letters);
    setWindowTitle(tr("Order Form"));
}

createLetter() function creates a new QTabWidget 采用 QTextEdit , editor , as the parent. This function accepts four parameters that correspond to we obtained through DetailsDialog , in order to "fill" the editor .

void MainWindow::createLetter(const QString &name, const QString &address,
                              QList<QPair<QString,int> > orderItems,
                              bool sendOffers)
{
    QTextEdit *editor = new QTextEdit;
    int tabIndex = letters->addTab(editor, name);
    letters->setCurrentIndex(tabIndex);

We then obtain the cursor for the editor 使用 QTextEdit::textCursor ()。 cursor is then moved to the start of the document using QTextCursor::Start .

    QTextCursor cursor(editor->textCursor());
    cursor.movePosition(QTextCursor::Start);

Recall the structure of a Rich Text Document , where sequences of frames and tables are always separated by text blocks, some of which may contain no information.

In the case of the Order Form Example, the document structure for this portion is described by the table below:

frame with referenceFrameFormat
	block	`A company`
	block
	block	`321 City Street`
	block
	block	`Industry Park`
	block
	block	`Another country`

This is accomplished with the following code:

    QTextFrame *topFrame = cursor.currentFrame();
    QTextFrameFormat topFrameFormat = topFrame->frameFormat();
    topFrameFormat.setPadding(16);
    topFrame->setFrameFormat(topFrameFormat);
    QTextCharFormat textFormat;
    QTextCharFormat boldFormat;
    boldFormat.setFontWeight(QFont::Bold);
    QTextFrameFormat referenceFrameFormat;
    referenceFrameFormat.setBorder(1);
    referenceFrameFormat.setPadding(8);
    referenceFrameFormat.setPosition(QTextFrameFormat::FloatRight);
    referenceFrameFormat.setWidth(QTextLength(QTextLength::PercentageLength, 40));
    cursor.insertFrame(referenceFrameFormat);
    cursor.insertText("A company", boldFormat);
    cursor.insertBlock();
    cursor.insertText("321 City Street");
    cursor.insertBlock();
    cursor.insertText("Industry Park");
    cursor.insertBlock();
    cursor.insertText("Another country");

注意， topFrame 是 editor 's top-level frame and is not shown in the document structure.

We then set the cursor 's position back to its last position in topFrame and fill in the customer's name (provided by the constructor) and address - using a range-based for loop to traverse the QString , address .

    cursor.setPosition(topFrame->lastPosition());
    cursor.insertText(name, textFormat);
    const QStringList lines = address.split('\n');
    for (const QString &line : lines) {
        cursor.insertBlock();
        cursor.insertText(line);
    }

cursor is now back in topFrame and the document structure for the above portion of code is:

block	`Donald`
block	`47338 Park Avenue`
block	`Big City`

For spacing purposes, we invoke insertBlock() twice. The currentDate() is obtained and displayed. We use setWidth() to increase the width of bodyFrameFormat and we insert a new frame with that width.

    cursor.insertBlock();
    cursor.insertBlock();
    QDate date = QDate::currentDate();
    cursor.insertText(tr("Date: %1").arg(date.toString("d MMMM yyyy")),
                      textFormat);
    cursor.insertBlock();
    QTextFrameFormat bodyFrameFormat;
    bodyFrameFormat.setWidth(QTextLength(QTextLength::PercentageLength, 100));
    cursor.insertFrame(bodyFrameFormat);

The following code inserts standard text into the order form.

    cursor.insertText(tr("I would like to place an order for the following "
                         "items:"), textFormat);
    cursor.insertBlock();
    cursor.insertBlock();

This part of the document structure now contains the date, a frame with bodyFrameFormat , as well as the standard text.

block
block
block	`Date: 25 May 2007`
block
frame with bodyFrameFormat
	block	`I would like to place an order for the following items:`
	block
	block

A QTextTableFormat 对象， orderTableFormat , is used to hold the type of item and the quantity ordered.

    QTextTableFormat orderTableFormat;
    orderTableFormat.setAlignment(Qt::AlignHCenter);
    QTextTable *orderTable = cursor.insertTable(1, 2, orderTableFormat);
    QTextFrameFormat orderFrameFormat = cursor.currentFrame()->frameFormat();
    orderFrameFormat.setBorder(1);
    cursor.currentFrame()->setFrameFormat(orderFrameFormat);

使用 cellAt() to set the headers for the orderTable .

    cursor = orderTable->cellAt(0, 0).firstCursorPosition();
    cursor.insertText(tr("Product"), boldFormat);
    cursor = orderTable->cellAt(0, 1).firstCursorPosition();
    cursor.insertText(tr("Quantity"), boldFormat);

Then, we iterate through the QList of QPair objects to populate orderTable .

    for (int i = 0; i < orderItems.count(); ++i) {
        QPair<QString,int> item = orderItems[i];
        int row = orderTable->rows();
        orderTable->insertRows(row, 1);
        cursor = orderTable->cellAt(row, 0).firstCursorPosition();
        cursor.insertText(item.first, textFormat);
        cursor = orderTable->cellAt(row, 1).firstCursorPosition();
        cursor.insertText(QString("%1").arg(item.second), textFormat);
    }

The resulting document structure for this section is:

`orderTable` with orderTableFormat
	block	`Product`
	block	`Quantity`
	block	`T-shirt`
	block	`4`
	block	`Badge`
	block	`3`
	block	`Reference book`
	block	`2`
	block	`Coffee cup`
	block	`5`

cursor is then moved back to topFrame 's lastPosition() and more standard text is inserted.

    cursor.setPosition(topFrame->lastPosition());
    cursor.insertBlock();
    cursor.insertText(tr("Please update my records to take account of the "
                         "following privacy information:"));
    cursor.insertBlock();

Another QTextTable is inserted, to display the customer's preference regarding offers.

    QTextTable *offersTable = cursor.insertTable(2, 2);
    cursor = offersTable->cellAt(0, 1).firstCursorPosition();
    cursor.insertText(tr("I want to receive more information about your "
                         "company's products and special offers."), textFormat);
    cursor = offersTable->cellAt(1, 1).firstCursorPosition();
    cursor.insertText(tr("I do not want to receive any promotional information "
                         "from your company."), textFormat);
    if (sendOffers)
        cursor = offersTable->cellAt(0, 0).firstCursorPosition();
    else
        cursor = offersTable->cellAt(1, 0).firstCursorPosition();
    cursor.insertText("X", boldFormat);

The document structure for this portion is:

block
block	`Please update my...`
block
	`offersTable`
		block	`I want to receive...`
		block	`I do not want to receive...`
		block	`X`

cursor is moved to insert "Sincerely" along with the customer's name. More blocks are inserted for spacing purposes. The printAction is enabled to indicate that an order form can now be printed.

    cursor.setPosition(topFrame->lastPosition());
    cursor.insertBlock();
    cursor.insertText(tr("Sincerely,"), textFormat);
    cursor.insertBlock();
    cursor.insertBlock();
    cursor.insertBlock();
    cursor.insertText(name);
    printAction->setEnabled(true);
}

The bottom portion of the document structure is:

block
block	`Sincerely,`
	block
	block
	block
	block	`Donald`

createSample() function is used for illustration purposes, to create a sample order form.

void MainWindow::createSample()
{
    DetailsDialog dialog("Dialog with default values", this);
    createLetter("Mr. Smith", "12 High Street\nSmall Town\nThis country",
                 dialog.orderItems(), true);
}

openDialog() function opens a DetailsDialog object. If the details in dialog are accepted, the createLetter() function is invoked using the parameters extracted from dialog .

void MainWindow::openDialog()
{
    DetailsDialog dialog(tr("Enter Customer Details"), this);
    if (dialog.exec() == QDialog::Accepted) {
        createLetter(dialog.senderName(), dialog.senderAddress(),
                     dialog.orderItems(), dialog.sendOffers());
    }
}

In order to print out the order form, a printFile() function is included, as shown below:

void MainWindow::printFile()
{
#if defined(QT_PRINTSUPPORT_LIB) && QT_CONFIG(printdialog)
    QTextEdit *editor = static_cast<QTextEdit*>(letters->currentWidget());
    QPrinter printer;
    QPrintDialog dialog(&printer, this);
    dialog.setWindowTitle(tr("Print Document"));
    if (editor->textCursor().hasSelection())
        dialog.setOption(QAbstractPrintDialog::PrintSelection);
    if (dialog.exec() != QDialog::Accepted) {
        return;
    }
    editor->print(&printer);
#endif
}

This function also allows the user to print a selected area with QTextCursor::hasSelection (), instead of printing the entire document.

`main()` 函数

main() function instantiates MainWindow and sets its size to 640x480 pixels before invoking the show() 函数和 createSample() 函数。

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication app(argc, argv);
    MainWindow window;
    window.resize(640, 480);
    window.show();
    window.createSample();
    return app.exec();
}

范例工程 @ code.qt.io

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