QOpenGLContext 类表示本机 OpenGL 上下文，使 OpenGL 能够渲染在 QSurface . 更多...
| 头： | #include <QOpenGLContext> |
| CMake: |
find_package(Qt6 COMPONENTS Gui REQUIRED)
target_link_libraries(mytarget PRIVATE Qt6::Gui) |
| qmake: | QT += gui |
| Since: | Qt 5.0 |
| 继承： | QObject |
| enum | OpenGLModuleType { LibGL, LibGLES } |
| QOpenGLContext (QObject * parent = nullptr) | |
| virtual | ~QOpenGLContext () |
| bool | create () |
| GLuint | defaultFramebufferObject () const |
| void | doneCurrent () |
| QSet<QByteArray> | extensions () const |
| QOpenGLExtraFunctions * | extraFunctions () const |
| QSurfaceFormat | format () const |
| QOpenGLFunctions * | functions () const |
| QFunctionPointer | getProcAddress (const QByteArray & procName ) const |
| QFunctionPointer | getProcAddress (const char * procName ) const |
| bool | hasExtension (const QByteArray & extension ) const |
| bool | isOpenGLES () const |
| bool | isValid () const |
| bool | makeCurrent (QSurface * surface ) |
| QNativeInterface * | nativeInterface () const |
| QScreen * | screen () const |
| void | setFormat (const QSurfaceFormat & format ) |
| void | setScreen (QScreen * screen ) |
| void | setShareContext (QOpenGLContext * shareContext ) |
| QOpenGLContext * | shareContext () const |
| QOpenGLContextGroup * | shareGroup () const |
| QSurface * | surface () const |
| void | swapBuffers (QSurface * surface ) |
| void | aboutToBeDestroyed () |
| bool | areSharing (QOpenGLContext * first , QOpenGLContext * second ) |
| QOpenGLContext * | currentContext () |
| QOpenGLContext * | globalShareContext () |
| QOpenGLContext::OpenGLModuleType | openGLModuleType () |
| bool | supportsThreadedOpenGL () |
QOpenGLContext 表示底层 OpenGL 上下文的 OpenGL 状态。要设置上下文，意味着要设置与使用上下文的一个或多个表面相匹配的屏幕和格式，若有必要，使之与其它上下文共享资源采用 setShareContext ()，最后调用 create ()。使用返回值或 isValid () 校验上下文是否已成功初始化。
可以使上下文目前针对给定表面，通过调用 makeCurrent ()。当 OpenGL 渲染完成时，调用 swapBuffers () 交换表面的前后缓冲，以便新近渲染内容变为可见。为能够支持某些平台，QOpenGLContext 要求调用 makeCurrent () 再次在开始渲染新的帧之前，之后调用 swapBuffers ().
若临时不需要上下文，譬如，当不渲染应用程序时，删除它以释放资源可能很有用。可以连接到 aboutToBeDestroyed () 信号以清理与 QOpenGLContext 本身具有不同所有权而分配的任何资源。
一旦使 QOpenGLContext 变为当前，就可以以独立于平台的方式渲染它通过使用 Qt 的 OpenGL 使能器，譬如 QOpenGLFunctions , QOpenGLBuffer , QOpenGLShaderProgram ，和 QOpenGLFramebufferObject 。直接使用平台的 OpenGL API 也是可能的，不使用 Qt 使能器，尽管有可移植性潜在成本。后者有必要，当想要使用 OpenGL 1.x 或 OpenGL ES 1.x 时。
有关 OpenGL API 的更多信息，参考官方 OpenGL 文档编制 .
如何使用 QOpenGLContext 的范例见 OpenGL Window 范例。
可以将 QOpenGLContext 移到不同线程采用 moveToThread ()。不要调用 makeCurrent () from a different thread than the one to which the QOpenGLContext object belongs. A context can only be current in one thread and against one surface at a time, and a thread only has one context current at a time.
Resources such as textures and vertex buffer objects can be shared between contexts. Use setShareContext () 先于调用 create () to specify that the contexts should share these resources. QOpenGLContext internally keeps track of a QOpenGLContextGroup object which can be accessed with shareGroup (), and which can be used to find all the contexts in a given share group. A share group consists of all contexts that have been successfully initialized and are sharing with an existing context in the share group. A non-sharing context has a share group consisting of a single context.
On certain platforms, a framebuffer other than 0 might be the default frame buffer depending on the current surface. Instead of calling glBindFramebuffer(0), it is recommended that you use glBindFramebuffer(ctx-> defaultFramebufferObject ()), to ensure that your application is portable between different platforms. However, if you use QOpenGLFunctions::glBindFramebuffer (), this is done automatically for you.
另请参阅 QOpenGLFunctions , QOpenGLBuffer , QOpenGLShaderProgram ，和 QOpenGLFramebufferObject .
[since 5.3]
enum QOpenGLContext::
OpenGLModuleType
此枚举定义底层 OpenGL 实现的类型。
| 常量 | 值 | 描述 |
|---|---|---|
QOpenGLContext::LibGL
|
0
|
OpenGL |
QOpenGLContext::LibGLES
|
1
|
OpenGL ES 2.0 或更高版本 |
该枚举在 Qt 5.3 引入或被修改。
Creates a new OpenGL context instance with parent object parent .
Before it can be used you need to set the proper format and call create ().
另请参阅 create () 和 makeCurrent ().
[signal]
void
QOpenGLContext::
aboutToBeDestroyed
()
This signal is emitted before the underlying native OpenGL context is destroyed, such that users may clean up OpenGL resources that might otherwise be left dangling in the case of shared OpenGL contexts.
If you wish to make the context current in order to do clean-up, make sure to only connect to the signal using a direct connection.
[虚拟]
QOpenGLContext::
~QOpenGLContext
()
销毁 QOpenGLContext 对象。
若这是线程的当前上下文， doneCurrent () 也被调用。
[static]
bool
QOpenGLContext::
areSharing
(
QOpenGLContext
*
first
,
QOpenGLContext
*
second
)
返回
true
若
first
and
second
上下文正共享 OpenGL 资源。
试图采用当前配置创建 OpenGL 上下文。
The current configuration includes the format, the share context, and the screen.
If the OpenGL implementation on your system does not support the requested version of OpenGL context, then QOpenGLContext will try to create the closest matching version. The actual created context properties can be queried using the QSurfaceFormat returned by the format () function. For example, if you request a context that supports OpenGL 4.3 Core profile but the driver and/or hardware only supports version 3.2 Core profile contexts then you will get a 3.2 Core profile context.
返回
true
if the native context was successfully created and is ready to be used with
makeCurrent
(),
swapBuffers
()，等。
注意： If the context already exists, this function destroys the existing context first, and then creates a new one.
另请参阅 makeCurrent () 和 format ().
[static]
QOpenGLContext
*QOpenGLContext::
currentContext
()
Returns the last context which called
makeCurrent
in the current thread, or
nullptr
, if no context is current.
Call this to get the default framebuffer object for the current surface.
On some platforms (for instance, iOS) the default framebuffer object depends on the surface being rendered to, and might be different from 0. Thus, instead of calling glBindFramebuffer(0), you should call glBindFramebuffer(ctx->defaultFramebufferObject()) if you want your application to work across different Qt platforms.
If you use the glBindFramebuffer() in QOpenGLFunctions you do not have to worry about this, as it automatically binds the current context's defaultFramebufferObject() when 0 is passed.
注意： Widgets that render via framebuffer objects, like QOpenGLWidget and QQuickWidget , will override the value returned from this function when painting is active, because at that time the correct "default" framebuffer is the widget's associated backing framebuffer, not the platform-specific one belonging to the top-level window's surface. This ensures the expected behavior for this function and other classes relying on it (for example, QOpenGLFramebufferObject::bindDefault () 或 QOpenGLFramebufferObject::release ()).
另请参阅 QOpenGLFramebufferObject .
Convenience function for calling makeCurrent 采用 0 表面。
This results in no context being current in the current thread.
另请参阅 makeCurrent () 和 currentContext ().
Returns the set of OpenGL extensions supported by this context.
上下文或共享上下文必须是当前的。
另请参阅 hasExtension ().
获取 QOpenGLExtraFunctions 实例为此上下文。
QOpenGLContext offers this as a convenient way to access QOpenGLExtraFunctions without having to manage it manually.
上下文或共享上下文必须是当前的。
返回的 QOpenGLExtraFunctions instance is ready to be used and it does not need initializeOpenGLFunctions() to be called.
注意： QOpenGLExtraFunctions contains functionality that is not guaranteed to be available at runtime. Runtime availability depends on the platform, graphics driver, and the OpenGL version requested by the application.
另请参阅 QOpenGLFunctions and QOpenGLExtraFunctions .
Returns the format of the underlying platform context, if create () 被调用。
否则，返回请求格式。
The requested and the actual format may differ. Requesting a given OpenGL version does not mean the resulting context will target exactly the requested version. It is only guaranteed that the version/profile/options combination for the created context is compatible with the request, as long as the driver is able to provide such a context.
For example, requesting an OpenGL version 3.x core profile context may result in an OpenGL 4.x core profile context. Similarly, a request for OpenGL 2.1 may result in an OpenGL 3.0 context with deprecated functions enabled. Finally, depending on the driver, unsupported versions may result in either a context creation failure or in a context for the highest supported version.
Similar differences are possible in the buffer sizes, for example, the resulting context may have a larger depth buffer than requested. This is perfectly normal.
另请参阅 setFormat ().
获取 QOpenGLFunctions 实例为此上下文。
QOpenGLContext offers this as a convenient way to access QOpenGLFunctions without having to manage it manually.
上下文或共享上下文必须是当前的。
返回的 QOpenGLFunctions instance is ready to be used and it does not need initializeOpenGLFunctions() to be called.
Resolves the function pointer to an OpenGL extension function, identified by procName
返回
nullptr
若找不到这种功能。
[since 5.8]
QFunctionPointer
QOpenGLContext::
getProcAddress
(const
char
*
procName
) const
这是重载函数。
该函数在 Qt 5.8 引入。
[static, since 5.5]
QOpenGLContext
*QOpenGLContext::
globalShareContext
()
Returns the application-wide shared OpenGL context, if present. Otherwise, returns
nullptr
.
This is useful if you need to upload OpenGL objects (buffers, textures, etc.) before creating or showing a QOpenGLWidget or QQuickWidget .
注意： You must set the Qt::AA_ShareOpenGLContexts flag on QGuiApplication before creating the QGuiApplication object, otherwise Qt may not create a global shared context.
警告： Do not attempt to make the context returned by this function current on any surface. Instead, you can create a new context which shares with the global one, and then make the new context current.
该函数在 Qt 5.5 引入。
另请参阅 Qt::AA_ShareOpenGLContexts , setShareContext ()，和 makeCurrent ().
返回
true
若此 OpenGL 上下文支持指定 OpenGL
extension
,
false
否则。
上下文或共享上下文必须是当前的。
另请参阅 extensions ().
[since 5.3]
bool
QOpenGLContext::
isOpenGLES
() const
返回 true 若上下文是 OpenGL ES 上下文。
If the context has not yet been created, the result is based on the requested format set via setFormat ().
该函数在 Qt 5.3 引入。
另请参阅 create (), format ()，和 setFormat ().
Returns if this context is valid, i.e. has been successfully created.
On some platforms the return value of
false
for a context that was successfully created previously indicates that the OpenGL context was lost.
The typical way to handle context loss scenarios in applications is to check via this function whenever
makeCurrent
() fails and returns
false
. If this function then returns
false
, recreate the underlying native OpenGL context by calling
create
(), call
makeCurrent
() again and then reinitialize all OpenGL resources.
On some platforms context loss situations is not something that can avoided. On others however, they may need to be opted-in to. This can be done by enabling
ResetNotification
在
QSurfaceFormat
. This will lead to setting
RESET_NOTIFICATION_STRATEGY_EXT
to
LOSE_CONTEXT_ON_RESET_EXT
in the underlying native OpenGL context.
QOpenGLContext
will then monitor the status via
glGetGraphicsResetStatusEXT()
in every
makeCurrent
().
另请参阅 create ().
Makes the context current in the current thread, against the given
surface
。返回
true
若成功；否则返回
false
. The latter may happen if the surface is not exposed, or the graphics hardware is not available due to e.g. the application being suspended.
若
surface
is
nullptr
this is equivalent to calling
doneCurrent
().
Avoid calling this function from a different thread than the one the QOpenGLContext instance lives in. If you wish to use QOpenGLContext from a different thread you should first make sure it's not current in the current thread, by calling doneCurrent () if necessary. Then call moveToThread(otherThread) before using it in the other thread.
By default Qt employs a check that enforces the above condition on the thread affinity. It is still possible to disable this check by setting the
Qt::AA_DontCheckOpenGLContextThreadAffinity
application attribute. Be sure to understand the consequences of using QObjects from outside the thread they live in, as explained in the
QObject thread affinity
文档编制。
另请参阅 functions (), doneCurrent ()，和 Qt::AA_DontCheckOpenGLContextThreadAffinity .
Returns a native interface of the given type for the context.
此函数提供对平台特定功能的访问为 QOpenGLContext ，作为定义在 QNativeInterface 名称空间：
| QNativeInterface::QCocoaGLContext | 在 macOS 的 NSOpenGLContext 的本机接口 |
| QNativeInterface::QEGLContext | ELX 上下文的本机接口 |
| QNativeInterface::QGLXContext | GLX 上下文的本机接口 |
| QNativeInterface::QWGLContext | Windows WGL 上下文的本机接口 |
若请求接口不可用
nullptr
被返回。
[static, since 5.3]
QOpenGLContext::OpenGLModuleType
QOpenGLContext::
openGLModuleType
()
Returns the underlying OpenGL implementation type.
On platforms where the OpenGL implementation is not dynamically loaded, the return value is determined during compile time and never changes.
注意： A desktop OpenGL implementation may be capable of creating ES-compatible contexts too. Therefore in most cases it is more appropriate to check QSurfaceFormat::renderableType () or use the convenience function isOpenGLES ().
注意： 此函数要求 QGuiApplication instance is already created.
该函数在 Qt 5.3 引入。
返回为其创建的上下文屏幕。
另请参阅 setScreen ().
设置 format the OpenGL context should be compatible with. You need to call create () before it takes effect.
When the format is not explicitly set via this function, the format returned by QSurfaceFormat::defaultFormat () will be used. This means that when having multiple contexts, individual calls to this function can be replaced by one single call to QSurfaceFormat::setDefaultFormat () before creating the first context.
另请参阅 format ().
设置 screen the OpenGL context should be valid for. You need to call create () before it takes effect.
另请参阅 screen ().
Makes this context share textures, shaders, and other OpenGL resources with shareContext . You need to call create () before it takes effect.
另请参阅 shareContext ().
Returns the share context this context was created with.
If the underlying platform was not able to support the requested sharing, this will return 0.
另请参阅 setShareContext ().
Returns the share group this context belongs to.
[static, since 5.5]
bool
QOpenGLContext::
supportsThreadedOpenGL
()
返回
true
if the platform supports OpenGL rendering outside the main (gui) thread.
The value is controlled by the platform plugin in use and may also depend on the graphics drivers.
该函数在 Qt 5.5 引入。
Returns the surface the context has been made current with.
This is the surface passed as an argument to makeCurrent ().
Swap the back and front buffers of surface .
Call this to finish a frame of OpenGL rendering, and make sure to call makeCurrent () again before issuing any further OpenGL commands, for example as part of a new frame.