Qt for Android has some requirements that you are recommended to know before going through this guide. Accomplish the tasks in Getting Started with Qt for Android 首先。
You can download the Qt sources from the Qt Downloads page, or follow the wiki guide for Getting the source code .
First, install the Android SDK in one of two ways:
Then, you need the following tools:
CMake
Ninja
更多信息，见 Getting Started with Qt for Android .
更多信息，见 连接 Android 设备 .
可以使用 Android Studio to download and installl the Android SDK packages required for developing applications for Android. For more information, see Android Studio documentation .
Qt 6 allows building Qt for Android from source code using
CMake
. Qt 6 keeps the same configure script from Qt 5. The main difference is that Qt for Android is dependent on a host Qt build, which means to build Qt for Android, you need to build Qt for the desktop platform used as a host (for example Linux, macOS, or Windows).
With the configure script, the same arguments can be used as before. For more information, see 构建 Qt 源 .
Qt for Android supports the following ABIs armeabi-v7a , arm64-v8a , x86 ，和 x86_64 .
注意： Qt 6.0 does not support multi-abi feature, for that reason setting the -android-abis is mandatory.
To build Qt for Android under a Linux environment, follow the steps below:
If you have downloaded the source code archive from
Qt Downloads
, then unpack the archive if you have not done so already. For example, if you have the
qt-everywhere-src-%VERSION%.tar.xz
package, type the following commands at a command line prompt:
cd /tmp gunzip qt-everywhere-opensource-src-%VERSION%.tar.gz # uncompress the archive tar xvf qt-everywhere-opensource-src-%VERSION%.tar # unpack it
This creates the directory
/tmp/qt-everywhere-src-%VERSION%
containing the files from the archive. We only support the GNU version of the tar archiving utility. Note that on some systems it is called gtar.
Otherwise if you cloned the source code from Git, the source will be under qt5 文件夹。
Set the following environment variables, and add them to your
PATH
; preferably at the end of
~/.profile
:
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64 export CMAKE_ROOT=~/Qt/Tools/CMake/bin export NINJA_ROOT=~/Qt/Tools/Ninja export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$CMAKE_ROOT:$NINJA_ROOT:$PATH
注意： JDK 11 or earlier must be used to properly build Qt for Android.
注意： 使用 OpenJDK here, but you can also use other JDK alternatives such as AdoptOpenJDK .
To configure Qt for Android, create a shadow build directory to keep the source directory clean:
mkdir <path_to_build_dir>/build-qt cd <path_to_build_dir>/build-qt <path_to_qt_source>/configure -platform android-clang -prefix </path/to/install> -android-ndk <path/to/sdk>/ndk/<ndk_version> -android-sdk <path/to/sdk> -qt-host-path <path_to_host_qt_installation> -android-abis arm64-v8a
Qt 配置选项 contains more information about the configure options.
You can customize your build configuration in a more advanced manner. For more information, see Advanced Build Arguments .
注意： For more information about building Qt 6 with CMake, see 构建采用 CMake .
To build the configured Qt code, run the following command:
cmake --build . --parallel
Also, the following is possible instead:
ninja -j$(nproc)
注意： nproc is optional. It represents the number of parallel jobs your system can do.
Now, to install Qt, run the following command:
cmake --install .
If you haven't provided the
--prefix <install-dir>
configure option, the installation is placed under
/usr/local/Qt-<version>
. In Debian/Ubuntu, you should prefix the
make
command with the
sudo
命令。
To build Qt for Android under a Windows environment, follow the steps below:
In addition to the requirements from
Prepare the Build Environment
, you need the following on Windows:
Then set the respective environment variables from the
环境变量
system UI, or from the build command line prompt. For the default
Command prompt
:
set JDK_ROOT=<JDK_ROOT_PATH>\bin set MINGW_ROOT=<MINGW_ROOT_PATH>\bin set PERL_ROOT=<PERL_ROOT_PATH>\bin set CMAKE_ROOT=C:\Qt\Tools\CMake\bin set NINJA_ROOT=C:\Qt\Tools\Ninja\ set PATH=%MINGW_ROOT%;%CMAKE_ROOT%;%NINJA_ROOT%;%PERL_ROOT%;%JDK_ROOT%;%PATH%
Then, in the command line prompt, verify that:
where mingw32-make.exe
The command should list mingw32-make.exe under the path <MINGW_ROOT> 首先。
where javac.exe
The command should list javac.exe under the path <JDK_ROOT> 首先。
注意： JDK 11 or earlier must be used to properly build Qt for Android.
注意： Qt for Android does not support building with Microsoft Visual C++ (MSVC), we only support building with MinGW.
If you have downloaded the source code archive from
Qt Downloads
, unpack the archive. Uncompress the files into a temporary folder, for example,
C:\Qt\Build\Src_%VERSION%
. This path must not contain any spaces or Windows-specific file system characters.
Run the following command to configure Qt:
mkdir C:\Qt\Build\build-qt cd C:\Qt\Build\build-qt ..\Src_%VERSION%\configure.bat -platform android-clang -prefix <\path\to\install> -android-sdk <ANDROID_SDK_PATH> -android-ndk <ANDROID_SDK_PATH>\ndk\<ndk_version> -qt-host-path <path_to_host_qt_installation> -android-abis arm64-v8a
Qt 配置选项 contains more information about the configure options.
You can customize your build configuration in a more advanced manner. For more information, see Advanced Build Arguments .
注意： For more information about building Qt 6 with CMake, see 构建采用 CMake .
To build the configured Qt for Android code, run the following:
cmake --build . --parallel
Also, the following is possible instead:
ninja -j<N>
注意： <N> is optional. It represents the number of parallel jobs your system can do.
Now, to install Qt, run the following command:
cmake --install .
Qt for Android contains Java code which is compiled into *.jar files with javac . To set the javac version for source and target, use -android-javac-source and -android-javac-target respectively:
-android-javac-source 8 -android-javac-target 8
To debug Qt with a developer build instead of a prefix build, use the following instead of
-prefix
自变量：
-developer-build
A developer build is meant to be used directly from the build directory.
注意： A developer build takes more storage than a prefix build.
It is possible to build specific Qt modules only. There are two options:
ninja -j$(nproc) module-qtbase
The to install those modules, use:
ninja -j$(nproc) module-qtbase-install_subtargets
mkdir <path_to_build_dir>/build-qt/qtbase cd <path_to_build_dir>/build-qt/qtbase <path_to_qt_source>/qtbase/configure [...]
Then to configure
qtdeclarative
for example:
mkdir <build_directory>/build-qtdeclarative cd <build_directory>/build-qtdeclarative <qt_for_android_install_path>/bin/qt-configure-module <qt_source_path>/qtdeclarative cmake --build . --parallel cmake --install .
To build CMake projects with the resulting Qt installation, use
qt-cmake
wrapper. For Android the following has to be be provided:
<qt_for_android_install_path>/bin/qt-cmake -DANDROID_SDK_ROOT=<android_sdk_path> -DANDROID_NDK_ROOT=<android_ndk_path> -S <source_dir> -B <build_dir>
Additionally, you can still use
qmake
to build user projects as before in Qt 5.