部署

Use Qt's CMake deployment API to deploy Qt projects for desktop platforms. The API supports various target platforms, which you can find in the qt_generate_deploy_app_script() 文档编制。

The deployment process depends on whether your project is a Qt Widgets application or a Qt Quick application. Even if you are planning to deploy only Qt Quick applications, read about deploying Qt Widgets applications first to understand the process.

部署 Qt Widgets 应用程序

This section shows how to deploy a Qt Widgets application with an example of a simple C++ Qt project.

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.16)
project(MyApp VERSION 1.0.0 LANGUAGES CXX)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
find_package(Qt6 REQUIRED COMPONENTS Core)
qt_standard_project_setup()
qt_add_executable(MyApp main.cpp)
target_link_libraries(MyApp PRIVATE Qt6::Core)

You need to instruct CMake to install the application target into the appropriate location. On macOS, bundles are installed directly into ${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX} , on other platforms into the "bin" directory underneath.

install(TARGETS MyApp
    BUNDLE  DESTINATION .
    RUNTIME DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR}
)

注意， qt_standard_project_setup() pulls in CMake's GNUInstallDirs.cmake . This is what defines the CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR 变量。

You also need to generate a deployment script . A deployment script is CMake code that is executed at installation time. This code takes care of collecting runtime dependencies and copies them to the installation directory.

qt_generate_deploy_app_script(
    TARGET MyApp
    OUTPUT_SCRIPT deploy_script
    NO_UNSUPPORTED_PLATFORM_ERROR
)
install(SCRIPT ${deploy_script})

The qt_generate_deploy_app_script() command generates the deployment script in the build directory. The file name of the generated script file is stored in the deploy_script variable. The install(SCRIPT) call instructs CMake to run the script on installation.

The project can be installed with cmake --install . or ninja install like any other CMake-based project. After installation, the installation directory contains the shared libraries and assets that are necessary to run the application. In other words, the installation produces a self-contained directory, ready to be packaged - for example by cpack .

部署 Qt Quick 应用程序

Deploying a Qt Quick project requires a different command to generate the deployment script. The rest of the steps are similar to deploying a Qt Widgets application.

First, you create the Qt Quick application.

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.16)
project(MyApp VERSION 1.0.0 LANGUAGES CXX)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
find_package(Qt6 REQUIRED COMPONENTS Core)
qt_standard_project_setup()
qt_add_executable(MyApp main.cpp)
qt_add_qml_module(MyApp
    URI Application
    VERSION 1.0
    QML_FILES main.qml MyThing.qml
)

You install the application as before.

install(TARGETS MyApp
    BUNDLE  DESTINATION .
    RUNTIME DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR}
)

To generate the deployment script, you call qt_generate_deploy_qml_app_script() 而不是 qt_generate_deploy_app_script() .

qt_generate_deploy_qml_app_script(
    TARGET MyApp
    OUTPUT_SCRIPT deploy_script
)
install(SCRIPT ${deploy_script})

On installation, the application binary will be deployed, including the QML files and the shared libraries and assets of Qt that are used by the project. Again, the resulting directory is self-contained and can be packaged by tools like cpack .

在命令行构建工程导入目标