从命令行构建 Qt for Android 工程

构建采用 CMake

To build CMake projects with an installed Qt, for example, for Linux use the following with qt-cmake wrapper:

~/Qt/<qt_version>/android_<abi>/bin/qt-cmake \
    -DANDROID_SDK_ROOT=~/Android/Sdk \
    -DANDROID_NDK_ROOT=~/Android/Sdk/ndk/26.1.10909125 \
    -S <source_dir> -B <build_dir> \
    -GNinja
					

Throughout this page, we use the Android SDK path for Linux for simplicity, however, when issuing these commands, make sure to use your system's relevant path.

The Android SDK is commonly installed by Qt Creator or Android Studio in the following locations:

• Linux: ~/Android/Sdk/
• macOS: ~/Library/Android/sdk/
• Windows: C:\Users\<USER>\AppData\Local\Android\Sdk\

注意： 若正使用 a self-built Qt, you don't need to provide the SDK and NDK arguments, as the same values used for building Qt are used with qt-cmake .

Building multi-ABI packages using CMake

In Qt 6.7, several ways exist to build a multi-ABI package. By default, only the single ABI belonging to the qt-cmake script is selected. Setting the QT_ANDROID_BUILD_ALL_ABIS 变量到 TRUE enables the automatic detection of available Qt for Android SDKs. The detection mechanism assumes the use of the default directory structure supplied by Qt Online Installer:

~/Qt/<qt_version>:
    android_arm64_v8a
    android_armv7
    android_x86
    android_x86_64
					

The command below shows the easiest way to build an Android multi-ABI package using the Qt for Android SDKs supplied by Qt Online Installer:

~/Qt/<qt_version>/android_<abi>/bin/qt-cmake \
    -DQT_ANDROID_BUILD_ALL_ABIS=TRUE \
    -DANDROID_SDK_ROOT=~/Android/Sdk \
    -DANDROID_NDK_ROOT=~/Android/Sdk/ndk/26.1.10909125 \
    -S <source_directory> -B <build_directory>
    -GNinja
					

使用 QT_ANDROID_ABIS variable, it's possible to customize the list of ABIs the project is built for. The corresponding Qt for Android development kits needs to follow the directory structure described previously. The following command line configures a project for arm64-v8a and x86 ABIs only:

~/Qt/<qt_version>/android_<abi>/bin/qt-cmake \
    -DQT_ANDROID_ABIS="arm64-v8a;x86" \
    -DANDROID_SDK_ROOT=~/Android/Sdk \
    -DANDROID_NDK_ROOT=~/Android/Sdk/ndk/26.1.10909125 \
    -S <source_directory> -B <build_directory>
    -GNinja
					

注意： The ABI of the primary SDK that qt-cmake script belongs to is added to the list of used ABIs unconditionally. It's not possible to exclude it from the build.

注意： QT_ANDROID_BUILD_ALL_ABIS 拥有更高优先级相比 QT_ANDROID_ABIS .

Paths to the Qt for Android SDKs that do not match the default directory structure can be changed using the corresponding QT_PATH_ANDROID_ABI_<ABI> 变量。

The following example enables the automatic detection of available Qt for Android SDKs and specifies custom paths to armeabi-v7a and arm64-v8a SDKs:

<qt_for_android_install_path>/bin/qt-cmake \
    -DQT_ANDROID_BUILD_ALL_ABIS=TRUE
    -DQT_PATH_ANDROID_ABI_armeabi-v7a="<Qt/for/armeabi-v7a>" \
    -DQT_PATH_ANDROID_ABI_arm64-v8a="<Qt/for/arm64-v8a>" \
    -DANDROID_SDK_ROOT=~/Android/Sdk \
    -DANDROID_NDK_ROOT=~/Android/Sdk/ndk/26.1.10909125 \
    -S <source_directory> -B <build_directory>
    -GNinja
					

It's also possible to set the QT_ANDROID_ABIS target property that specifies a list of ABIs that the single executable target is built for. For example:

qt_add_executable(MyApp main.cpp)
set_target_properties(MyApp PROPERTIES QT_ANDROID_ABIS "arm64-v8a;x86")
					

The MyApp target will be built for armeabi-v7a and arm64-v8a only, even if the QT_ANDROID_BUILD_ALL_ABIS or QT_ANDROID_ABIS variable is set.

创建 Android 捆绑

Once the project is configured, you may use the following CMake targets to create the application bundle:

cmake --build . --target apk
					

Or to generate the AAB:

cmake --build . --target aab
					

Under the hood, your Qt code is built and copied to the android-build directory, then Gradle is used to build the Java code and package the application.

Signing the Android Package

If an APK intended for release is built, then it should be signed. For more information on signing the package with Qt Creator, see Signing Android packages . Otherwise, check the CMake variables QT_ANDROID_SIGN_APK and QT_ANDROID_SIGN_AAB .

采用 qmake 构建

可以继续使用 qmake 构建用户工程如在 Qt 5。

注意： Building multi-ABI packages with qmake is not supported in Qt 6.

另请参阅 QT_ANDROID_ABIS , QT_ANDROID_BUILD_ALL_ABIS , QT_PATH_ANDROID_ABI_<ABI> ，和 QT_ANDROID_ABIS .

Qt for Android - 从源代码构建 移植到 Android

内容

• 构建采用 CMake

• Building multi-ABI packages using CMake

• 创建 Android 捆绑

• Signing the Android Package

• 采用 qmake 构建