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  4. 香脂资产导入工具

香脂资产导入工具

The Balsam tool is a command line application that is part of Qt Quick 3D's asset conditioning pipeline. The purpose is to take assets created in digital content creation tools like Maya , 3ds Max ，或 Blender and convert them into an efficient runtime format for use with Qt Quick 3D. It is not possible, nor does it make sense to reference the interchange formats directly in applications because a large amount of resources are needed to parse and condition the content of the asset before it is usable for realtime rendering. Instead the interchange formats can be converted via the Balsam tool into QML Components and resources like geometry and textures.

用法： 

balsam [options] sourceFilename

用法范例

To convert a 3D asset contained in the file testModel.fbx with balsam the following command would be used: 

balsam testModel.fbx

This would generate the following files:

  • meshes/testModel.mesh
  • TestModel.qml

Which can then be used in a Qt Quick 3D project by using that QML Component: 

import QtQuick3D
TestModel {
   id: modelInstance
}

支持的 3D 资产类型

  • Wavefront (.obj)
  • COLLADA (.dae)
  • FBX (.fbx)
  • STL (.stl)
  • GLTF2 (.gltf, .glb)

Some of the formats supported also allow for either embedding or referencing of texture assets. These assets are also supported, provided Qt also has support for them.

Baking for Image-Based Lighting

Balsam also supports generating a pre-filtered cubemap image from .hdr files. Specifying a file with .hdr extension as the input results in generating a file with the same name but with an extension of .ktx. The application can then ship the resulting .ktx file and reference that from the Texture associated with SceneEnvironment::lightProbe . This avoids the costly runtime processing that is necessary for image-based lighting. See Pre-generating IBL cubemap 了解更多细节。

支持的选项

下表列出的命令行选项识别通过 balsam when converting asset files:

注意： For each boolean option it is possible to use --disable-<option-name> .

选项 描述
--outputPath, -o <outputPath> Sets the location to place the generated file(s). Default is the current directory.
--calculateTangentSpace Calculates the tangents and bitangents for the imported meshes.
--joinIdenticalVertices Identifies and joins identical vertex data sets within all imported meshes.
--generateNormals Generates normals for all faces of all meshes.
--generateSmoothNormals Generates smooth normals for all vertices in the mesh.
--splitLargeMeshes Splits large meshes into smaller sub-meshes.
--preTransformVertices Removes the node graph and pre-transforms all vertices with the local transformation matrices of their nodes.
--improveCacheLocality Reorders triangles for better vertex cache locality.
--removeRedundantMaterials Searches for redundant/unreferenced materials and removes them.
--fixInfacingNormals Tries to determine which meshes have normal vectors that are facing inwards and inverts them.
--findDegenerates This step searches all meshes for degenerate primitives and converts them to proper lines or points.
--findInvalidData This step searches all meshes for invalid data, such as zeroed normal vectors or invalid UV coords and removes/fixes them. This is intended to get rid of some common exporter errors.
--transformUVCoordinates This step applies per-texture UV transformations and bakes them into stand-alone texture coordinate channels.
--findInstances This step searches for duplicate meshes and replaces them with references to the first mesh.
--optimizeMeshes A postprocessing step to reduce the number of meshes.
--optimizeGraph A postprocessing step to optimize the scene hierarchy.
--useFloatJointIndices Stores joint indices as floating point numbers for GLES 2.0.
--globalScale This step will perform a global scale of the model.
--globalScaleValue <value> Global Scale factor used by --globalScale .
--dropNormals Drops normals for all faces of all meshes.
--removeComponentNormals Removes Normal component from meshes.
--removeComponentTangentsAndBitangents Removes Tangents and Bitangents components from meshes.
--removeComponentColors Removes any Color components from meshes.
--removeComponentUVs Removes any UV components from meshes.
--removeComponentBoneWeights Removes any bone weights from meshes.
--removeComponentAnimations Removes any animation components from meshes.
--removeComponentTextures Removes any embedded texture components from meshes.
--fbxPreservePivots Preserves extra pivot nodes created by FBX assets (can create deep node hierarchies)
--generateMipMaps Force all imported texture components to generate mip maps for mip map texture filtering
--useBinaryKeyframes Record keyframe data as binary files
--generateLightmapUV Perform lightmap UV unwrapping and generate an additional UV channel for the meshes. This UV data is then used by the lightmap baker and during run-time lightmapping .
--generateMeshLevelsOfDetail When possible create mesh Levels of Detail by automatically simplifying the source mesh.
--recalculateLodNormals Calculate new normals when necessary for Generated Mesh levels of detail.
--recalculateLodNormalsMergeAngle <value> Maximum angle in degrees to consider for normal smoothing/merging when recalculating normals for Generated Mesh levels of detail.
--recalculateLodNormalsSplitAngle <value> Maximum angle in degrees to consider for normal spliting when recalculating normals for Generated Mesh levels of detail.

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