内容

• 用法范例
• 支持的 3D 资产类型
• Baking for Image-Based Lighting
• Support for Qt 3D Studio Projects
• 支持的选项

香脂资产导入工具

The Balsam tool is a command line application that is part of Qt Quick 3D's asset conditioning pipeline. The purpose is to take assets created in digital content creation tools like Maya , 3ds Max ，或 Blender and convert them into an efficient runtime format for use with Qt Quick 3D. It is not possible, nor does it make sense to reference the interchange formats directly in applications because a large amount of resources are needed to parse and condition the content of the asset before it is usable for realtime rendering. Instead the interchange formats can be converted via the Balsam tool into QML Components and resources like geometry and textures.

用法：

balsam [options] sourceFilename
					

用法范例

To convert a 3D asset contained in the file testModel.fbx with balsam the following command would be used:

balsam testModel.fbx
					

This would generate the following files:

• meshes/testModel.mesh
• TestModel.qml

Which can then be used in a Qt Quick 3D project by using that QML Component:

import QtQuick3D
TestModel {
   id: modelInstance
}
					

支持的 3D 资产类型

• Wavefront (.obj)
• COLLADA (.dae)
• FBX (.fbx)
• STL (.stl)
• GLTF2 (.gltf, .glb)

Some of the formats supported also allow for either embedding or referencing of texture assets. These assets are also supported, provided Qt also has support for them.

Baking for Image-Based Lighting

Balsam also supports generating a pre-filtered cubemap image from .hdr files. Specifying a file with .hdr extension as the input results in generating a file with the same name but with an extension of .ktx. The application can then ship the resulting .ktx file and reference that from the Texture associated with SceneEnvironment::lightProbe . This avoids the costly runtime processing that is necessary for image-based lighting. See Pre-generating IBL cubemap 了解更多细节。

Support for Qt 3D Studio Projects

The Balsam tool also has support for converting projects created with Qt 3D Studio into Qt Quick 3D QML projects.

• Qt 3D Studio Application (.uia)
• Qt 3D Studio Presentation (.uip)

The conversion of Qt 3D Studio projects does have some limitations due to differences in features available. Features such as Effects and CustomMaterials are not available and will not be generated. There is also some differences in how Animations are implemented, so there can be differences in behavior on conversion. The conversion process will not be 100% and it is expected that some adjustments will be necessary, but should ease the porting process for existing projects.

支持的选项

下表列出的命令行选项识别通过 balsam when converting asset files:

注意： For each boolean option it is possible to use --disable-<option-name>

选项	描述
--outputPath, -o <outputPath>	Sets the location to place the generated file(s). Default is the current directory.
--calculateTangentSpace	Calculates the tangents and bitangents for the imported meshes.
--joinIdenticalVertices	Identifies and joins identical vertex data sets within all imported meshes.
--generateNormals	Generates normals for all faces of all meshes.
--generateSmoothNormals	Generates smooth normals for all vertices in the mesh.
--splitLargeMeshes	Splits large meshes into smaller sub-meshes.
--preTransformVertices	Removes the node graph and pre-transforms all vertices with the local transformation matrices of their nodes.
--improveCacheLocality	Reorders triangles for better vertex cache locality.
--removeRedundantMaterials	Searches for redundant/unreferenced materials and removes them.
--fixInfacingNormals	Tries to determine which meshes have normal vectors that are facing inwards and inverts them.
--findDegenerates	This step searches all meshes for degenerate primitives and converts them to proper lines or points.
--findInvalidData	This step searches all meshes for invalid data, such as zeroed normal vectors or invalid UV coords and removes/fixes them. This is intended to get rid of some common exporter errors.
--transformUVCoordinates	This step applies per-texture UV transformations and bakes them into stand-alone texture coordinate channels.
--findInstances	This step searches for duplicate meshes and replaces them with references to the first mesh.
--optimizeMeshes	A postprocessing step to reduce the number of meshes.
--optimizeGraph	A postprocessing step to optimize the scene hierarchy.
--useFloatJointIndices	Stores joint indices as floating point numbers for GLES 2.0.
--globalScale	This step will perform a global scale of the model.
--globalScaleValue <value>	Global Scale factor used by --globalScale .
--dropNormals	Drops normals for all faces of all meshes.
--removeComponentNormals	Removes Normal component from meshes.
--removeComponentTangentsAndBitangents	Removes Tangents and Bitangents components from meshes.
--removeComponentColors	Removes any Color components from meshes.
--removeComponentUVs	Removes any UV components from meshes.
--removeComponentBoneWeights	Removes any bone weights from meshes.
--removeComponentAnimations	Removes any animation components from meshes.
--removeComponentTextures	Removes any embedded texture components from meshes.
--fbxPreservePivots	Preserves extra pivot nodes created by FBX assets (can create deep node hierarchies)
--generateMipMaps	Force all imported texture components to generate mip maps for mip map texture filtering
--useBinaryKeyframes	Record keyframe data as binary files

下表列出的命令行选项识别通过 balsam when converting Qt 3D Studio projects:

选项	描述
--createProjectWrapper	Creates a wrapper Window component for the imported UIA project. Only valid for UIA imports.
--createIndividualLayers	Creates an individual component for each layer instead of including layer contents in presentation components.
--framesPerSecond <value>	Specifies how many animation frames are created per second in animations.