D-Bus has an extensible type system based on a few primitives and composition of the primitives in arrays and structures. Qt D-Bus implements the interface to that type system through the QDBusArgument class, allowing user programs to send and receive practically every C++ type over the bus.
The primitive types are supported natively by QDBusArgument and need no special customization to be sent or received. They are listed below, along with the C++ class they relate to:
| Qt 类型 | D-Bus 等效类型 |
|---|---|
| uchar | BYTE |
| bool | BOOLEAN |
| short | INT16 |
| ushort | UINT16 |
| int | INT32 |
| uint | UINT32 |
| qlonglong | INT64 |
| qulonglong | UINT64 |
| double | DOUBLE |
| QString | STRING |
| QDBusVariant | VARIANT |
| QDBusObjectPath | OBJECT_PATH |
| QDBusSignature | SIGNATURE |
Aside from the primitive types, QDBusArgument also supports two non-primitive types natively, due to their widespread use in Qt applications: QStringList and QByteArray .
D-Bus specifies three types of aggregations of primitive types that allow one to create compound types. They are
ARRAY
,
STRUCT
and maps/dictionaries.
Arrays are sets of zero or more elements of the same type, while structures are a set of a fixed number of elements, each of any type. Maps or dictionaries are implemented as arrays of a pair of elements, so there can be zero or more elements in one map.
In order to use one's own type with Qt D-Bus, the type has to be declared as a Qt meta-type with the
Q_DECLARE_METATYPE
() macro and registered with the
qDBusRegisterMetaType
() function. The streaming operators
operator>>
and
operator<<
will be automatically found by the registration system.
Qt D-Bus provides template specializations for arrays and maps for use with Qt's
容器类
，譬如
QMap
and
QList
, so it is not necessary to write the streaming operator functions for those. For structures Qt provides generic specializations mapping to and from
std::tuple
. In order to use a custom type instead or for other types the operators have to be explicitly implemented.
见文档编制为 QDBusArgument for examples for structures, arrays and maps.
All of the Qt D-Bus types (primitives and user-defined alike) can be used to send and receive messages of all types over the bus.
警告： You may not use any type that is not on the list above, including typedefs to the types listed. This also includes QList < QVariant > 和 QMap < QString , QVariant >.
